The Effects of Two Strains of Bacillus velezensis on the Growth of Grape Seedlings and Soil Quality
Bacillus velezensis YH-18 and B.velezensis YH-20 was mixed with organic fertilizer to form a mixed fertilizer,which was applied to grape potted seedlings.The results indicated that both types of microbial fertilizers could increase the chlorophyll content of grape leaves.The results showed that after 30 days of grape growth,the leaf area of YH-18 and YH-20 bacterial agents increased by 8.75%and 12.87%com-pared to the control,and the chlorophyll content increased by 6.89%and 2.23%compared to the control;after 90 days of growth,the leaf ar-ea of YH-18 and YH-20 bacterial agents increased by 45.47%and 30.74%compared to the control,and the chlorophyll content increased by 16.26%and 10.76%compared to the control.The control effect of YH-20 on grape downy mildew was 30.44%,and the control effect of YH-18 bacterial agent treatment was 19.59%.At 30 days,the content of hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium in YH-20 soil was lower than that in the control soil,which may have accelerated the absorption of nutrients by plants after fertilization.90 days later,YH-18 bacterial a-gent treatment could increase the content of soil available phosphorus,which was 18.15%higher than the control.After 15 days of treatment with YH-20 bacterial agent,the Ace index and Shannon index increased.After 30 days of treatment with two bacterial agents,the Ace index and Chao1 index significantly increased.Within 30 days,the diversity and richness of rhizosphere soil microbial communities treated with YH-18,YH-20,and CK showed a decreasing trend,but the decrease in diversity and richness of microbial communities after bacterial treatment was much lower than that of CK treatment.Compared with the control group,when YH-18 and YH-20 bacterial agents were applied to grapes,YH-18 and YH-20 significantly enriched Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes at 30 days,while YH-20 significantly enriched Bacteroidetes at 15 days.After 15 days of treatment,YH-18 enriched the Sphingomonas genus compared to the control group;YH-20 enriched Pseudomonas and Flavobacterium genera;After 30 days of treatment,YH-18 and YH-20 were relatively enriched in genera such as Sphingomonas and Pseudo-monas.Both bacterial treatments could increase the leaf area and chlorophyll content of grape leaves,and had a good antagonistic effect on grape downy mildew.The treatment of soil with microbial agents effectively delayed the decrease in diversity and richness of soil microbial community within 30 days,and formed a new microbial community structure after treatment,which helps promote the growth of grape seed-lings.
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