摘要
通过缺素试验和不同水平施肥量比较试验,研究结球甘蓝"绿峰二号"对氮、磷、钾、硼、锰和铁6 种元素吸收利用特点,为结球甘蓝化肥减量增效和科学施肥提供依据.通过缺素试验发现在土壤中有较高的有效磷和速效钾含量时,再施磷肥或钾肥并不能提高结球甘蓝产量,反而会减产;施氮肥能提高结球甘蓝产量;从不同施肥水平来看,呈现出施肥越多结球甘蓝产量越高的特点,但增产幅度逐渐降低.结球甘蓝"绿峰二号"N、P、K养分吸收量比例平均为 13.39∶8.00∶29.86,B、Mn、Fe养分吸收量比例平均为 52.28∶83.36∶158.01.当目标产量70 392 kg/hm2,N、P2O5、K2O施入量达91.03、55.67、210.24 kg/hm2,B、Mn、Fe施入量达57.44、85.58、171.53 g/hm2 时,就可保持当季土壤中养分平衡.NPK肥农学效率分别为130.33、11.10、6.44 kg/kg.
Abstract
Through nutrient deficiency experiments and comparative experiments at different levels of fertilizer application,the absorption and utilization characteristics of six elements,including N,P2 O5,K2 O,B,Mn and Fe,were studied in Brassica oleracea'Lvfeng 2',providing a basis for increasing fertilizer application efficiency and scientific fertilization in heading cabbage.Through nutrient deficiency experiments,it was found that when there was a high content of available phosphorus and potassium in the soil,applying phosphorus or potassium fertilizer a-gain could not increase the yield of cabbage,but instead would reduce it;applying nitrogen fertilizer could increase the yield of cabbage;from the perspective of different fertilization levels,the more fertilizer applied,the higher the yield of cabbage,but the magnitude of yield increase gradually decreased.The average ratio of N,P,and K nutrient absorption in the'Lvfeng 2'cabbage was13.39∶8.00∶29.86,and the average ratio of B,Mn,and Fe nutrient absorption was 52.28∶83.36∶158.01.When the target yield was 70 392 kg/hm2,the application rates of N,P2 O5,and K2 O reached 91.03,55.67 and 210.24 kg/hm2,and the application rates of B,Mn,and Fe reached 57.44,85.58 and 171.53 g/hm2,the nutrient balance in the soil during the season can be maintained.The agricultural efficiency of N P K fertilizer was 130.33,11.10 and 6.44 kg/kg,respectively.
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