摘要
[目的]研究有机肥替代化肥对萧县葡萄果实品质及果园土壤养分的影响.[方法]以设施葡萄为研究对象,分别设置不施肥(T1)、常规施肥(T2)、优化化肥施肥(T3)、有机肥替代15%化肥(T4)、有机肥替代30%化肥(T5)、有机肥替代15%氮(T6)和有机肥替代30%氮(T7)共7 个处理.[结果]与T2 处理相比,T4～T7 处理土壤pH和有机质、全氮、全钾含量分别提高 1.72%～3.03%、5.62%～13.30%、5.71%～21.90%和7.37%～11.58%.T4 和T5 处理与T2 处理相比,葡萄可溶性固形物含量分别提高5.06%和1.74%、糖酸比含量提高7.28%和2.08%,土壤阳离子交换量提高4.85%和5.45%,速效钾含量提高25.76%和7.12%,果实还原性糖、维生素和土壤全磷含量降低;其中T4 处理葡萄产量和土壤有效磷含量较T2 处理分别增加13.26%和44.42%.与T2 处理相比,T6 处理葡萄产量、可溶性固形物含量、糖酸比和维生素含量分别提高1.74%、3.13%、9.38%和3.64%,土壤pH、有机质、全钾、全磷、有效磷含量均有所增加.T7 处理葡萄产量、还原性糖、可溶性固形物和维生素含量分别降低13.84%、1.27%、0.41%、2.20%和3.73%.[结论]综合果实品质和土壤质量,T4 处理的效果最佳.
Abstract
[Objective]To investigate the effect of organic fertilizers replacing chemical fertilizers on the quality of grapes and soil nutrients of orchards in Xiaoxian.[Method]Taking the facility grapes as the research object,set no fertilization(T1),conventional fertilization(T2),optimized chemical fertilization(T3),organic fertilizer replacing 15%chemical fertilizer(T4),organic fertilizer replacing 30%chemical fer-tilizer(T5),organic fertilizer replacing 15%N(T6),and organic fertilizer replacing 30%N(T7).[Result]Different treatments of organic fertilizers replacing chemical fertilizers increased soil pH,organic matter,total nitrogen and total potassium contents by 1.72%-3.03%,5.62%-13.30%,5.71%-21.90%and 7.37%-11.58%,respectively,compared with T2 treatment.For T4 and T5 treatment,grape soluble sol-ids,sugar-acid ratio content were elevated 5.06%and 1.74%,7.28%and 2.08%,respectively,soil cation exchange and available potassium content were increased 4.85%and 5.45%,25.76%and 7.12%,respectively,the fruit reducing sugar,vitamins,and soil total phosphorus content were reduced;T4 treatment also increased grape yield and soil available phosphorous by 13.26%and 44.42%,respectively.T6 treat-ment increased grape yield,soluble solids,sugar-acid ratio and vitamin content by 1.74%,3.13%,9.38%and 3.64%,respectively,and in-creased soil pH,organic matter,total potassium,total phosphorus and available phosphorous content.T7 treatment decreased grape yield,re-ducing sugar,soluble solids,sugar-acid ratio and vitamin content by 13.84%,1.27%,0.41%,2.20%and 3.73%,respectively.[Conclusion]Combining fruit quality and soil quality,T4 treatment has the best effect.
维普
万方数据