摘要
"道学先生"之名,可以追溯到汉代的"盛服先生".道学先生是传统礼教的坚定维护者,是传统道德形塑而成的正面典范;道学先生又是不近人情之类已经固化的负面典范,甚至成为迂腐的代名词.明代中期以后,王阳明"心学"崛起,转而取代程朱理学.随之而来者,则是道学群体人格发生历史性的转向:道学先生不再形若土偶,而是不乏诗酒风流;道学先生的个人生活不再拘束严谨,而是转向活泼洒脱.更为甚者,道学先生不再是整日静坐于室的儒者,而是行游天下且颇具英雄气概的侠者.
Abstract
The name"Daoxue Xiansheng"can be traced back to"Shengfu Xiansheng"in the Han Dynasty.Daoxue Xian-sheng is a firm defender of traditional etiquette and a positive model shaped by traditional morality.Daoxue Xiansheng is also a negative model that has been solidified as being inhumane and has even become a synonym for pedantry.After the mid-Ming Dynasty,Wang Yangming's"Mind Learning"rose and replaced Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism.What followed was a histor-ical transformation in the personality of the group of Neo-Confucianism:Daoxue Xiansheng was no longer like a clay idol but was full of poetic and wine-loving elegance;the personal life of Daoxue Xiansheng was no longer constrained and rigorous but turned to be lively and free.Even more so,Daoxue Xiansheng was no longer a Confucian who sat still in the room all day but a chivalrous person who traveled the world and had considerable heroic spirit.
万方数据