The Sino-Russian Boundary Treaty and the Changes of the Qing Dynasty's Attitude towards the Affiliation of the Northwestern Border Residents(1860-1894)
In the late 19th century,with the negotiation of the Sino-Russian boundary treaty and the division of the boundary,the Qing Dynasty's attitude towards the affiliation of the northwestern border residents underwent an important change.In the early years of the Tongzhi period,faced with the negative consequences of"land based on people's delinea-tion",the Qing court's attitude changed from allowing the vassals to enter the border for nomadic activities and not accepting their attachment,to ensuring that the border residents live in their own territories.After the signing of the Sino-Russian Treaty of Chuguchak in 1864,in order to prevent excessive loss of border residents,the Qing Dynasty began to accept border residents who were sincerely attached outside the new boundary.Before and after the signing of the Sino-Russian Treaty of Saint Peters-burg,in response to Russia's attempt to rob people and occupy territory,the Qing Dynasty first restricted the"voluntary"mi-gration of Ili people to Russia,and then advocated the implementation of real"voluntary migration"for border residents.This series of attitude changes affected the signing and operation of the Sino-Russian boundary treaty,and to a certain extent played a role in reducing the loss of border residents and the loss of territory.
late Qing DynastySino-Russian Boundary TreatyNorthwestern frontierthe affiliation of border residents
万方数据
