新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株感染者临床特征分析
Clinical symptoms of patients infected with Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2
毕念念 1龚磊 1肖永康 1侯赛 1朱梦 1宋丹丹 1储娜 1陈秀芝 1朱标 1储修杰 1马婉婉 1孙袁芳 1聂爽 1魏鸿园 1祝茜 1冯玉杰 1李明 1李青 1吴家兵1
作者信息
- 1. 安徽省疾病预防控制中心,安徽合肥 230601
- 折叠
摘要
目的 探讨新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)奥密克戎(Omicron)变异株感染者临床症状和并发症情况,为防治新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)提供依据.方法 采用问卷调查的方式对安徽省已经完成全基因组测序分型的SARS-CoV-2变异株感染者进行流行病学调查,应用SPSS 22.0软件分析不同变异株感染者临床症状和并发症的差异.结果 共调查Omicron变异株感染者1 033例,其中BA.5亚分支436例,占42.2％;XBB亚分支597例,占57.8％.10.7％的感染者为无症状感染,XBB亚分支感染者中无症状感染的比例高于BA.5亚分支(x2=36.870,P＜0.001),BA.5亚分支感染者中出现发热、胸闷的比例均高于XBB亚分支,而XBB亚分支感染者中出现全身疼痛、头痛、咽痛、鼻塞、流涕的比例更高(P＜0.05).105例(占24.1％)感染者出现相关并发症,BA.5亚分支感染者重症率高于XBB亚分支(x2=52.154,P＜0.001),已接种和全种接种新冠疫苗感染者重症率更低(P＜0.05),≥60岁年龄组(OR=2.534,95％CI:1.090～5.892)和出现咳痰症状(OR=2.680,95％CI:1.305～5.502)的感染者出现重症的风险更高.结论 大多数Omicron变异株感染者会出现临床症状,并发症和重症的发生率较低.BA.5亚分支和XBB亚分支临床特征间存在差异,年龄和有无咳痰症状影响Omicron变异株感染者的重症率,要密切关注Omicron变异株进化动向,加强临床症状早期识别,做好感染者预后随访工作.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the clinical symptoms and complications of patients infected with Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2,and provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Methods A questionnaire was used to investigate the epidemiology of infected people who had been classified by whole genome se-quencing of SARS-CoV-2 variant strains in Anhui Province.The factor analysis of the clinical symptoms and complications of people infected with different variant strains was analyzed by SPSS 22.0 software.Results In total,1 033 patients infec-ted with the Omicron variant were collected,including 436 cases of the BA.5 subvariant(42.2％)and 597 cases of the XBB subvariant(57.8％).10.7％of infected individuals were asymptomatic,the proportion of asymptomatic infections a-mong those infected with the XBB subvariant was higher than that of the BA.5 subvariant(x2=36.870,P＜0.001).The pro-portion of fever and chest tightness among those infected with the BA.5 subvariant was higher than that of those infected with the XBB subvariant.In contrast,patients infected with XBB subvariant presented more symptoms of headache,sore throat,nasal congestion,and runny nose(P＜0.05)).105(24.1％)infected patients developed related complications,and the severe disease rate among patients infected with the BA.5 subvariant was higher than that of the XBB subvarians(x2=52.154,P＜0.001).The rate of severity was lower in those who had been vaccinated and those who had been fully vaccinat-ed with COVID-19 vaccine(P＜0.05).Moreover,those who over 60 years old and patients(OR=2.534,95％CI:1.090-5.892)with expectoration symptoms(OR=2.680,95％CI:1.305-5.502)were at higher risk of acute phase.Conclusion Most people infected with Omicron variants developed clinical symptoms,and the incidence of complications and severe dis-eases is low.There were differences in clinical features between the BA.5 subvariant and the XBB subvariant.Age and the presence or absence of sputum symptoms affect the severity rate of Omicron variant infections.More attention should be paid to the evolutionary trends of Omicron variant strains,early identification of clinical symptoms should be strengthened,and follow-up work should be carried out for the prognosis of infected individuals.
关键词
新型冠状病毒/变异株/奥密克戎/临床症状/并发症Key words
SARS-CoV-2/Variant/Omicron/Clinical symptoms/Complication引用本文复制引用
基金项目
安徽省新冠病毒科研应急攻关项目(2022)(2022e07020071)
安徽省重点研发计划(202104h04020001)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据