Influence and mechanism of platelet-rich plasma gel on layered skin flap transplantation in rats and its mechanism
Objective This study aimed to investigate the influence and mechanism of platelet-rich plasma on back layered skin flap transplantation in SD rats and explore the underlying mechanism.Methods The SD rats were randomly allocated into three groups:the ex-perimental group,consisting of layered flap+platelet-rich plasma gel;the control group,consisting of layered flap+saline;and the blank group,consisting of traditional flap+saline.Each group recruited 20 rats.Platelet-rich plasma gel was used in the experimental group,and the same amount of normal saline was used in the blank group and the control group.The necrotic area of the flap,the length of the defect visualized by contrast-enhanced ultrasound and the thickness of the end of the skin tissue layer were recorded at 6 hours,1 day,3 days and 5 days after the operation.After paraffin embedding and preparation the inflammatory cells and infiltration were counted by HE staining.The staining of vascu-lar endothelial growth factor(VEGF),platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF)and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)were observed by im-munohistochemical staining,and the staining was scored.Results The degree of skin tissue layer edema in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group on the 3rd and 5th day after operation,and the necrosis area was smaller than that in the control group,the differ-ence was statistically significant(P<0.05).At the same time,the length of the defect of the skin tissue layer visualized by contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the experimental group was significantly smaller than that in the control group on the 1st,3rd and 5th day after operation,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).HE staining results suggested that compared with the control group,the inflammatory reaction of the skin tissue layer in the experimental group was lighter.On 3rd day after operation,the immunohistochemical expression levels of VEGF,PDGF and TGF-β in the skin tissue layer of the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Con-clusion Platelet-rich plasma gel can reduce the degree of flap edema,reduce the inflammatory response,up-regulate the expression of VEGF,PDGF and TGF-β in the flap tissue,and thus reduce the necrosis area of the layered flap.
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