Expression of IL-38 in the serum of MG patients and its relationship with disease severity and prognosis
Objective To explore the expression of interleukin-38(IL-38)in the peripheral blood of patients with myasthenia gravis(MG)and its relationship with the severity and prognosis of the condition.Methods Seventy-eight patients with MG and 51 healthy con-trols(HC)during the same period in the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2021 to August 2022 were select-ed.This study was a fundamental research,the expression level of IL-38 in the patients' serum was detected using enzyme-linked immu-nosorbent assay(ELISA),and the correlation between IL-38 and disease severity Quantitative Mysthenia Gravis score(QMG)and Mys-thenia Gravis Composite(MGC)score was analysed by Spearman correlation analysis.Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors those affected MG recurrence;and the receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC curve)was used to analyze the diagnostic value of IL-38 for MG recurrence.Results Compared with the control group,the expression level of IL-38 in the serum of the study group was significantly increased,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.001).Moreover,the expression level of IL-38 in the serum of patients with generalized myasthenia gravis(GMG)(103.07±39.63)ng/L was higher than that of patients with ophthalmic myasthenia gravis(OMG)(87.39±46.88)ng/L,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);IL-38 was positively correlated with the QMG score(rs=0.60,P<0.001)and MGC score of MG patients(rs=0.50,P<0.001).The results of binary logistic regression analy-sis showed that IL-38 and QMG score were independent risk factors affecting MG recurrence(OR>1,P<0.05).The ROC curve results showed that IL-38(AUC=0.89)and QMG score(AUC=0.86)had good diagnostic value for MG recurrence.Conclusions IL-38 is upreg-ulated in MG patients and is associated with disease severity,which is an independent risk factor for MG recurrence.Dynamic monitor-ing of IL-38 has certain value in clinical evaluation of neurological impairment in MG patients and prediction of MG recurrence.
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