The Subsect.Delavayanae of peony is naturally distributed in China.With the continuous discovery of new species and the development of classification research,the classification status of Subsect.Delavayanae is also constantly changing.During the evolutionary process,Subsect.Delavayanae has not participated in the formation of cultivated peony varieties in China,but its genetic diversity is an important germplasm resource to be developed for enriching peony flower color,changing plant shape,increasing floral fragrance,and prolonging flowering period.This study reviewed the research progress on the classification,genetic diversity,and germplasm resource innovation of the Subsect.Delavayanae,at the same time,this study discribed on the classification history and existing differences of the Subsect.Delavayanae,and sorted out the research achievements on genetic diversity,displayed the current status of preservation and utilization of germplasm resources in Subsect.Delavayanae of peony in China,in order to provide reference for the development and utilization of germplasm resources of the Subsect.Delavayanae and the cultivation of new ornamental peony varieties with unique horticultural characteristics.