摘要
随着以ChatGPT为代表的生成式人工智能(AIGC)技术的广泛应用,生成式人工智能嵌入政府治理并引发系列变革.政府治理存在特殊性,采纳新兴技术既需要开放的态度以促进治理效率提升,也需要谨慎考虑技术应用可能带来的风险和挑战.通过构建"技术—制度—价值"分析框架以探究人工智能嵌入政府治理的应用前景、潜在风险和防范机制.生成式人工智能嵌入政府治理可以有效获取政府决策的全面信息,提高政府运行效率,改善政府公共服务供给过程中人机交互体验感,提升政府治理准确性、客观性和公正性.但同时需要警惕生成式人工智能技术嵌入政府治理可能引发的数据安全、技术过度依赖、社会安全隐患、削弱政府的公共权力、算法歧视、政府治理主体责任缺失等风险.遵循"技术—制度—价值"理论架构,从加大安全技术研发力度、提高算法可解释性、完善责任追究制度、完善具备专业知识的领导制度、破除算法官僚主义和坚持包容审慎原则等视角来构建风险防范机制,以实现良术善用以及技术"善治"和"善智"高质量发展.
Abstract
As generative artificial intelligence(AI)technologies like ChatGPT become more widely used,they are increasingly being integrated into government governance,which has triggered a series of transformations.The spe-cial nature of government governance requires an open attitude to adopt emerging technologies to enhance gover-nance efficiency,but it also necessitates cautious consideration of the potential risks and challenges posed by techno-logical applications.By constructing a"Technology-Institution-Value"analytical framework,this paper explores the prospects,potential risks,and prevention mechanisms of the integration of AI into government governance.The inte-gration of generative AI can effectively gather comprehensive information for government decision-making,improve operational efficiency,enhance the human-machine interaction experience in public service provision,and increase the accuracy,objectivity,and fairness of government governance.However,it is crucial to be vigilant about potential risks,such as data security issues,over-reliance on technology,social security threats,weakening of public authority,algorithmic discrimination,and the absence of accountability in government governance.Following the"Technology-Institution-Value"theoretical framework,this paper proposes risk prevention mechanisms through strengthening re-search and development in security technology,enhancing the interpretability of algorithm,perfecting accountability systems,improving leadership systems,enhancing the digital capabilities of cadres,eliminating algorithmic bureaucra-cy,and adhering to inclusive and prudential principles to achieve the high-quality development of technology,ensuring it is used wisely and effectively for"good governance"and"intelligent governance".
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