摘要
目的 探讨石家庄地区0～14岁儿童血清中14种食物特异性IgG的分布情况,为相关临床诊疗提供理论依据.方法 回顾性分析2020年1月至2020年12月在河北省儿童医院就诊的8 991例疑似食物不耐受儿童,采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测其血清中食物特异性IgG抗体水平,按照不同性别、年龄及其敏感性进行分组,分析各组食物不耐受分布特征.结果 8 991例儿童中血清食物特异性IgG抗体总阳性率为86.56％.其中食物不耐受阳性率前4位依次是鸡蛋(64.24％)、牛奶(52.07％)、小麦(34.86％)、西红柿(26.48％).鸡蛋和牛奶引起的食物不耐受以重度为主,而其他食物不耐受以轻度为主.根据不同年龄段划分发现,各组之间食物不耐受总阳性率差异存在统计学意义(P＜0.05),随着年龄的增长,牛肉引起的食物不耐受阳性率逐步降低,而鳕鱼和蟹引起的不耐受阳性率随着年龄的增长而上升;大豆、大米、鸡蛋、牛奶、西红柿、小麦、玉米引起的食物不耐阳性率在幼儿期最高,并随着年龄的增长而下降,而对鸡肉引起的不耐受阳性率在学龄前期最高.此外,在婴儿期表现出对牛奶的重度敏感,在幼儿期对鸡蛋重度敏感,幼儿期轻度敏感主要集中在大豆、大米、西红柿、小麦、玉米、虾,学龄前期对蟹的不耐受轻度敏感,学龄期对鳕鱼的不耐受轻度敏感,而鸡肉的轻度敏感在婴儿期.男童食物不耐受总阳性率略高于女童,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).鸡蛋、小麦的阳性率男童高于女童,西红柿、猪肉阳性率女童高于男童,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 儿童食物不耐受的发生率高且呈现多重不耐受.年龄和性别对食物不耐受的种类及敏感度有一定影响,这可为本地区儿童的相关疾病的治疗提供参考.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the distribution of 14 types of food specific IgG in serum samples of children aged 0-14 years in Shijiazhuang area,and to provide a theoretical basis for relevant clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted in 8 991 children with suspected food intolerance who were treated at Hebei Children's Hospital from January,2020 to December,2020.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was conducted to detect levels of food-specific IgG antibodies in their serum samples.Patients were divided into groups according to gender,age,and sensitivity,and the distribution characteristics of food intolerance in each group were analyzed.Results The total positive rate of serum food-specific IgG antibodies in 8 991 children was 86.56％.The top four food intolerances were egg(64.24％),milk(52.07％),wheat(34.86％),and tomato(26.48％).The egg and milk-induced food intolerance was mainly severe,while other food intolerance was mainly mild.There were significant differences in the total positive rate of food intolerance among different age groups(P＜0.05).With the increase of age,the positive rate of beef-induced food intolerance gradually decreased,while the positive rate of cod and crab-induced intolerance increased with age.The positive rate of soy,rice,egg,milk,tomato,wheat,and corn-induced food intolerance was highest in the early stage of childhood and decreased with age,while the positive rate of chicken-induced intolerance was highest in preschool age stage.In addition,infants showed severe sensitivity to milk in infancy,severe sensitivity to eggs in the early childhood stage,mild sensitivity to soy,rice,tomato,wheat,corn,shrimp in the early childhood stage,mild sensitivity to crab in preschool age,and mild sensitivity to cod in school age stage.The mild sensitivity to chicken was in infants.The total positive rate of food intolerance in boys was slightly higher than that in girls,but the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).The positive rates of egg and wheat in boys were higher than those in girls,while the positive rates of tomato and pork in girls were higher than those in boys,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The incidence of food intolerance in children is high and presents multiple intolerances.Age and gender have influences on the types and sensitivity of food intolerance,which could provide a reference for the treatment of related diseases in children in this region.
基金项目
河北省卫健委2021年度河北省医学科学研究课题计划(20210777)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据