The Application Value of Complement,Immunoglobulin and Autoantibodies in the Auxiliary Diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Objective To explore the application value of complement,immunoglobulin,and autoantibodies in the auxiliary diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus.Methods 89 SLE patients who visited Beijing Tiantan Hospital affiliated with Capital Medical University from 2018 to 2023 were selected as the SLE group,while 84 patients with other types of autoimmune diseases were selected as the non-SLE group,and 102 healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations during the same period were selected as the control group. General information(age,gender)of these three groups was analyzed.Levels of immunoglobulin G(IgG),immunoglobulin A(IgA),immunoglobulin M(IgM),complement C3 (C3)and complement C4 (C4)were detected in all subjects.We also performed qualitative detection of autoantibodies in all three groups and quantitative detection of anti-double stranded DNA antibodies(anti-dsDNA)in SLE and non-SLE groups. ROC curve of the indicators with P<0.05 were drawn and their diagnostic efficacy were evaluated.Results The age of the SLE group was significantly lower than that of the non-SLE group,and the age of the SLE group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05);There were 9 males and 80 females in the SLE group,while 6 males and 78 females in the non-SLE group,and 68 males and 34 females in the control group.There were significant gender differences between the SLE group and the control group,as well as between the non-SLE group and the control group(P<0.05).Levels of IgG and IgA in the SLE group were higher than those in the control group,while levels of C3 and C4 in the SLE group were lower than those in the control group;Levels of IgG,IgA,and IgM in the non-SLE group were higher than those in the control group,while the C4 level in the non-SLE group was lower than that in the control group;Levels of IgM,C3,and C4 in the SLE group were lower than those in the non-SLE group,and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The positive rates of nRNP/Sm,Sm,SS-A,SS-B,PM-SCL,dsDNA,Histone,Rib.P-Prot,AMA-M2,Ro-52,and NUC in the SLE group were higher than those in the control group;The positive rates of nRNP/Sm,Sm,SS-A,SS-B,CENPB,dsDNA,Histone,Rib.P-Prot,AMA-M2,Ro-52,and NUC in the non-SLE group were higher than those in the control group;The anti-dsDNA level in the SLE group was higher than that in the non-SLE group;The positive rates of nRNP/Sm,Sm,CENPB,Stone,Rib.P-Prot,and NUC in the SLE group were significantly higher than those in the non-SLE group(P<0.05).AUCs of IgG,IgA,C3 and C4 were 0.799,0.629,0.812,and 0.812,respectively.The sensitivities were 78.7％,61.8％,61.8％,and 65.2％,and the specificities were 74.5％,65.7％,91.2％,and 88.2％,respectively.When drawing ROC curves by jointly detecting indicators with AUC>0.8,AUC of C3 combined with C4 was 0.827,with a sensitivity of 74.2％ and a specificity of 83.3％.Conclusion Serum complement,immunoglobulins and autoantibodies are of great significance for the auxiliary diagnosis of SLE,among which the combined detection of C3 and C4 has a high application value.
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