摘要
[目的]为今后给小麦种子低温萌发及高产栽培提供理论依据.[方法]以'航麦247'和'济麦22'为试验材料,通过标准发芽试验划分吸胀、萌动和发芽阶段,分别在3个阶段均进行6 h、12 h和24 h的4 ℃低温胁迫,测定其萌发指标、形态指标和生理指标.[结果]'济麦22'和'航麦247'种子萌发的3阶段分别为0～6 h、6～21 h、21 h和0～6 h、6～18 h、18 h;小麦种子在低温胁迫时,萌发不同阶段的发芽率、发芽势、萌发指数和活力指数均下降,苗长、主根长和鲜重降低,可溶性糖含量、相对电解质外渗率和丙二醛含量升高;吸胀阶段的低温胁迫对小麦种子萌发的影响最大;'航麦247'萌发期耐低温胁迫的能力高于'济麦22'.[结论]低温胁迫对小麦种子萌发过程中不同阶段的生理特性均有影响,在吸胀阶段的影响最大.
Abstract
[Objective]To clarify the impacts of low-temperature stress on the physiological characteristics of wheat seeds at dif-ferent stages of the germination process and to compare the low-temperature tolerance of two wheat varieties during the germi-nation stage.[Methods]Taking'Hangmai 247'and'Ji Mai 22'as the test materials,the stages of suckering,sprouting,and germi-nation were divided by standard germination experiments,and then all three stages were subjected to low-temperature stress at 4 ℃ for 6 h,12 h,and 24 h,respectively,to determine the germination indexes,morphological indexes,and physiological inde-xes.[Results]The three stages of seed germination of'Ji Mai 22'and'Hangmai 247'were 0-6 h,6-21 h,21 h,and 0-6 h,6-18 h,18 h,respectively;germination potential,germination rate,germination index and vigor index of wheat seeds at different stages of germination decreased during low temperature stress;soluble sugar content,relative electrolyte exudation rate,and malondial-dehyde content increased in the suckering stage;seedling length,main root length,and fresh weight decreased in the suckering stage.The germination rate,germination potential,germination index,and vigor index of wheat seed germination in all stages of low-temperature stress decreased;seedling length,main root length,and fresh weight decreased;soluble sugar content,relative electrolyte extravasation rate,and malondialdehyde content increased;low-temperature stress in the suckering stage had the greatest effect on wheat seed germination;and the ability of'Hangmai 247'to tolerate low-temperature stress in the germination stage was higher than that of'Ji Mai 22'.[Conclusion]Low temperature stress affected the physiological characteristics of wheat seeds at different stages of germination,with the greatest effect at the suckering stage.
基金项目
北京农学院科技创新"火花行动"支持计划(BUA-HHXD2024003)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据