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农村留守儿童社交焦虑的影响机制研究

A Study on the Influence Mechanism of Social Anxiety in Rural Left-behind Children

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社交焦虑是农村留守儿童社会性发展中需要引起关注与重视的问题.对浙江省某山区县470名农村儿童调查数据的分析结果显示:留守儿童人际关系状况良好,但因人际认知导致社交焦虑问题较为严重;留守儿童人际关系显著负向预测社交焦虑;人际关系对高家庭文化资本留守儿童社交焦虑影响的边际效应更高,人际认知对女生、低家庭文化资本和留守时间三年以上的留守儿童社交焦虑影响的边际效应更高;人际认知在人际关系对社交焦虑的影响过程中产生"遮掩效应",留守儿童人际认知对社交焦虑的作用路径显著大于非留守儿童.良好的人际关系能有效降低留守儿童社交焦虑,过于关注他人感受和想法会加重留守儿童社交焦虑问题.为此,建议父母加强陪伴关爱,构建良好亲子关系;学校增强情感支持,创建友好交往氛围;社会提供文化设施,丰富业余文化生活,为留守儿童缓解社交焦虑提供有效支撑.
Social anxiety is a problem that needs attention in the social development of rural left-behind children. Analysis of the survey data of 470 rural children in a mountainous county in Zhejiang Province shows that:left-behind children's interpersonal relationships are good,but social anxiety is more serious due to interpersonal cognition;left-behind children's interpersonal relationships significantly and negatively predicted social anxiety;the marginal effect of interpersonal relationship on social anxiety of left-behind children with high family cultural capital was higher;the marginal effect of interpersonal cognition on social anxiety of girls,children with low family cultural capital and leave behind for more than three years was higher. Interpersonal cognition produced a "masking effect" in the process of the influence of interpersonal relationship on social anxiety,and the path of interpersonal cognition on social anxiety among left-behind children was greater than that of non-left-behind children. Good interpersonal relationship can effectively reduce left-behind children's social anxiety,and paying too much attention to other's feelings and thoughts will exacerbate left-behind children's social anxiety. In this regard,it is suggested that parents should strengthen accompanying and caring to build good parent-child relationship;schools should enhance emotional support to create a friendly atmosphere of interaction;and the society should provide cultural facilities to enrich the amateur cultural life,so as to provide effective support for left-behind children to alleviate their social anxiety.

left-behind childrenrural left-behind childrensocial anxietyinfluence mechanism

莫晓兰、焦春平、季诚钧

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杭州师范大学

留守儿童 农村留守儿童 社交焦虑 影响机制

2024

北京青年研究
北京青年政治学院

北京青年研究

CHSSCD
影响因子:0.413
ISSN:1008-4002
年,卷(期):2024.33(3)