首页|人工智能辅助刑事诉讼决策的正当性及风险消解——以量刑辅助系统为视角

人工智能辅助刑事诉讼决策的正当性及风险消解——以量刑辅助系统为视角

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人工智能的革命浪潮已清晰地显示出相关技术进入刑事诉讼领域的必然性.然而,在宏观层面,人工智能以辅助决策的形式介入刑事诉讼存在"非中立"和"不可解释"的正当性困境;在微观层面,量刑辅助系统作为其典型代表,在司法实践中正侵蚀着法官的自由裁量权.但简单地在刑事诉讼中禁用人工智能并不现实,也不利于法治的现代化.更理性的做法是构建非歧视性算法、以"理解黑箱、限制黑箱"的方式走出"黑箱"迷雾,并将"证伪"、出罪作为人工智能辅助决策的边界和追求,由此对其正当性予以证成.此外,还需要进一步从理念和制度层面双管齐下,通过破除法官"技术迷信"、改革现行考核评价系统的方式消解其为法官自由裁量带来的现实风险.
Justification and Risk Elimination of Artificial Intelligence Assisting Criminal Procedure Decision-making——From the perspective of sentencing auxiliary system
The revolutionary wave of artificial intelligence has clearly shown the inevitability of artificial intelligence entering the criminal litigation fields.However,at the macro level,there are"non-neutral"and"unexplained"legitimacy dilemmas for artificial intelligence to intervene in criminal proceedings in the form of auxiliary decision-making;at the micro level,as a typical representative,the sentencing auxiliary system in judicial practice is also eroding the judge's discretion.And simply excluding artificial intelligence in criminal proceedings is not realistic,nor is it conducive to the modernization of the rule of law.A more rational approach is to build a non-discriminatory algorithm,get out of the fog of the"black box"by"understanding and restricting the black box",and take"falsification"as the pursuit and boundary of AI-assisted decision-making.Furthermore,the concept and system are two-pronged:by breaking the"technical superstition"of judges and reforming the current assessment and evaluation system,the real risks it brings to judges'discretion are eliminated.

criminal proceedingsAI-assisted decision-makinglegitimacy dilemmarisks of discretionary power

张博雯

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中国社会科学院大学,北京 102488

刑事诉讼 人工智能辅助决策 正当性困境 自由裁量风险

2024

北京警察学院学报
北京警官学院

北京警察学院学报

CHSSCD
影响因子:0.282
ISSN:2095-5758
年,卷(期):2024.(6)