清代黄淮地区的官方治水与地权转移
The Governmental Water Control and the Land Right Transfer in Huang-Huai Area during the Qing Dynasty
马俊亚1
作者信息
摘要
在清代,对官员而言,治河带来的土地利益的回报,不低于对国帑的贪污.在淮黄运交汇的水患区,土地价值取决于能否避水之害.无权平民被洪水逼迫大量弃耕弃田,与官权有关的强势集团则大肆占地,导致大地产极为普遍,土地在权力加持下大量增值.晚清黄淮地区发生的山东湖团(客民)在徐州与当地民众(土民)的争田事件中,被朝廷及后世史家视为非常"公允"的曾国藩处理方案,实质上融入很大的政治考量,把官府的责任转嫁给了受害的土客双方,并用冠冕堂皇的官场套话打压了民间规范,留下了无尽的土地纠纷后患.
Abstract
In the Qing Dynasty,the returns on land benefits,for officials,brought from river control was no less than those from the corruption of national funds.In the flood-stricken area where the Huai River and the Huang River intersect,the value of lands depends on whether it could avoid the harm of floodwater.Unauthorized civilians were forced by floods to abandon a large number of lands,while powerful groups related to bureaucrat power occupied the lands on a large scale,which gave rise to the prevalence of large estates as well as the increase in land value with power.In the land dispute between the Shandong Lake Tuan(immigrants)and the local people in Xuzhou(natives)during the late Qing Dynasty in the Huang-Huai area,Zeng Guofan's coping approach to it was considered very"fair"by the imperial court and later historians.In essence,the approach,integrating great political considerations,shifts the responsibility of the government to both victim sides and uses high-sounding official rhetoric to suppress folk norms,leaving behind endless troubles of land disputes.
关键词
治水/水淹地亩/荒地报领/湖团/唐守忠Key words
water control/flooded acres of land/reclamation of wasteland/Lake Tuan/Tang Shouzhong引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家社会科学基金重大招标项目(17ZDA184)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据