The Po Han Hu Xi,a popular genre of song and dance drama flourishing during the Tang Dynasty,originated from the folk narrative performance known as"Su Mu Zhe",which emerged in the Western Regions in the sixth century."Su Mu Zhe"featured a composite style,integrating diverse ethnic and religious cultural elements and artistic forms,rooted in the Western Regions.After its introduction to the Han territories,"Su Mu Zhe"underwent institutional reform during the late Tang Dynasty under the reign of Empress Wu Zetian,evolving into Po Han Hu Xi—a purely entertaining song and dance drama which sparked a surge in folk performances.While retaining the basic elements of Hu music and masked song and dance,Po Han Hu Xi diverged significantly from"Su Mu Zhe"in aspects such as character portrayal,performance skills,narrative themes,and ideological depth.The rise and fall of Po Han Hu Xi did not hinder the development of"Su Mu Zhe".Both"Su Mu Zhe"and Po Han Hu Xi represent different names for the same genre and highlight two streams of performing arts with shared origins,showcasing the cultural interplay between the Western Regions and the Central Plains.
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