A comparative study of platelet autoantibodies in patients with platelet transfusion refractoriness detected by solid-phase agglutination and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Objective To explore the characteristics and consistency of platelet autoantibodies detected by solid-phase agglutination(SPA)and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)(PAKAUTO kit)in patients with platelet transfusion refractoriness(PTR).Methods A total of 20 PTR patients with positive platelet antibody screening results and could not be determined to have platelet-specific antibodies in Beijing Red Cross Blood Center from July 2021 to September 2023 were selected.Platelet autoantibodies were detected by SPA and ELISA(PAKAUTO kit).Human platelet antigen(HPA)genotyping was performed by fluorescence PCR melting curve analysis.Results Among the 20 patients,there were seven males and 13 females,aged from 7 to 83 years,with an average of(50.5±20.0)years.The positive rate of platelet autoantibodies detected by SPA was 100%,all of which were of the combined type.The positive rate detected by ELISA(PAKAUTO kit)was 95%(19/20),with 16 cases of combined type and 14 cases of free type.There was no statistically significant difference in the positive rates of platelet autoantibodies detected by the two methods(P>0.05).Anti-GPⅠb/Ⅸantibodies was the most common combined autoantibodies(80.0%),and anti-GPⅠa/Ⅱa antibodies was the most common free autoantibodies(70.0%).Combined with HPA genotyping results,the antibodies produced by patients all included autoantibodies against HPA-5a.Conclusions SPA and ELISA(PAKAUTO kit)have a high consistency in detecting platelet autoantibodies in PTR patients,and ELISA(PAKAUTO kit)can distinguish different antibody specificities and distribution,while SPA is simple and easy to perform and is more valuable in early diagnosis.
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