Characteristics of nutritional components in breast milk at different stages of lactation in mothers of pretern infants
Objective To explore the characteristics of nutritional components in breast milk at different stages of lactation in mothers of preterm infants,and to provide reference for breastfeeding guidance for preterm infants.Methods A total of 374 breast milk samples from mothers of preterm infants who underwent breastmilk composition testing at Beijing Peking University International Hospital from January 2017 to December 2023 were selected,and their breast milk samples at different lactation stages were collected.The breast milk samples were divided into colostrum group(1～<5 d,stageⅠ),transitional milk group(5～<15 d,stage Ⅱ)and mature milk group(15 d～<6 m,stage Ⅲ)according to the time of breast milk secretion.The differences of breast milk components among three groups were compared.Results The ages of the 374 mothers of preterm infants aged from 24 to 42 years,with an average age of(31.9±3.7)years.There were 192 cases of spontaneous delivery(51.3%)and 182 cases of cesarean section(48.7%).Among the 374 breast milk samples,74 were colostrum,86 were transitional milk and 214 were mature breast milk.There were no significant differences in infants gender,delivery mode and the first day of breastfeeding among the three groups(P>0.05).There were statistically significant differences in levels of fat,protein,sugar and energy among the three groups of breast milk(P<0.05).The levels of total protein in colostrum,transitional milk and mature milk were 2.120 g/100 ml,1.895 g/100 ml and 1.210 g/100 ml respectively,the fats were 3.590 g/100 ml,4.225 g/100 ml and 5.105 g/100 ml respectively,and the sugars were 8.090 g/100 ml,7.795 g/100 ml and 7.485 g/100 ml,respectively,the total energy was 73.925 kcal/100 ml,77.860 kcal/100 ml and 84.370 kcal/100 ml,respectively.Total energy and fat content of preterm infants's breast milk gradually increased,while the levels of protein and sugar gradually decreased with the increase of lactation stage.Conclusions The nutritional components of breast milk from mothers of preterm infants vary significantly at different lactation stages.With the increase of lactation stage,the levels of total energy and fat in breast milk show an increasing trend,while the levels of protein and sugar show a decreasing trend.It is suggested that a personalized feeding plan should be formulated to ensure preterm infants receive appropriate nutritional support.
万方数据
维普
