Review on Theoretical Models of Western Social Work:Reconstruction of the Theoretical Foundation of"Person-in-Environment"of Social Work Practice(up part)
Though social work theories are from social sciences,they are not for mechanically applying of social theories but for illustrating the validity of practice.Social work theories are theories of elucidating the reasons of interventional practice process,rather than theories of general rule and law of social phenomenon.This series of essays includes up,middle and down three articles,which systematically review the classification models and construction ways of western social work theories,construct a new theoretical foundation of"Person-in-Environment"of social work practice based on sorting out the viewpoints about human being,development and practice from so-cial sciences.It suggests that we could substitute ecosystem theories as the foundation of generalist social work with the life history theory and reflective practice theory.As the first article of a series of essays which reconstruct theoretical foundation of practice framework of"Person-in-Environment"of social work,it focus on reviews on the sources of theo-ries and classification models of western social work.This article argues that no matter of the clas-sification of two dimensions and four quadrants of David Howe borrowed from organizational soci-ology,induced models of practice based on constructive genetics of Malcom Payne and resembled trinity classification of John Coats,or the continuum of ideology from left to right of Robert Mul-laly,all of them are not around the core concept of social work practice—change or development of"Person-in-Environment"to seek theory resources,rather than putting any classification frame-work on social work practice,or simply inducing some models from and classifying social work practice.Such as,Howe borrowed the classification framework from organizational sociologist,and modified it to fit social work practice models;Payne induced some concepts from social work practice and clustered them together to constitute his classifications;Mullaly adopted political ide-ology continuum as the tool to classifying social work practice;Coats presented his classification of social work practice mainly depend on three types of political theory,that are individualist-therapy strategy,collectivist-reformist strategy,critical political economy.It results in the rupture between theory and practice,rather than founds the theoretical foundation for social work practice.Based on the critical review on the sources of theories and classification models of western so-cial work,this article proposes the principle of reconstruction of theoretical foundation of social work practice:it must be double practice theory so as to elucidate the professional intervention to everyday life practice of client;it must be based on transaction between person and environment;it must be double reasonability which include values reasons and practice mechanism.For the above purpose,this article argues that we must start from triple theory about constructiveness of human being,human development and practice field of human development to construct the theoretical foundation of social work practice.For further explanation of every level of the triple theory,we will present each of them in the middle part and down part of this series.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
