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数字化时代社会工作伦理的挑战与应对

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文章运用系统综述方法,梳理和分析了数字化时代,尤其是伴随着人工智能发展,社会工作在场景、关系、权力、信息、责任和技术6个维度上面临"不在场互动"与人际疏离、数字侵犯与边界模糊、数字资本差异与社会不平等、数据依赖与隐私保护、黑箱与责任争议、工具理性与人的主体性让步等伦理挑战.在拥抱新技术的同时,要注意技术应用的公正性、安全性和包容性,警惕新技术应用带来的社会不平等和对人自主性的影响.鼓励社会工作者参与到全球性的跨学科对话中,加强数字化时代社会工作伦理议题研究,促进数字社会工作伦理规则制定,推动基于数字技术的伦理教育变革,以确保技术应用不会违背专业伦理及损害服务对象权益.
Challenges and Responses to Social Work Ethics in the Digital Age
This article employs a systematic review approach to analyze the multifaceted ethical challenges that social work faces in the digital age,particularly in light of rapid advances in artificial intelligence,and suggests strategies to address these chal-lenges effectively.The article examines the ethical impact of digitalization on social work across six dimensions:context,relationships,power,information,responsibil-ity,and technology.In terms of context,digitalization has made"absent-presence"the norm,where traditional face-to-face interactions are often replaced by virtual ones,which leads to interpersonal detachment and weakened emotional connections,which in turn impair the formation of trust-based professional relationships,thus affecting the quality of services.Regarding relationships,the virtual nature of digital platform interactions can blur the boundaries of professional relationships,and the ease of access chal-lenges the maintenance of professional distance,which often leads to burnout and ethical dilemmas.On the power dimension,digital capital disparities exacerbate so-cial inequalities,as marginalized groups often lack the resources,technology,or edu-cational background to access quality social work services.This digital divide and in-formation asymmetry limit their opportunities for self-development,undermining the fairness and inclusivity of social work.From an informational perspective,digital technology's reliance on extensive data collection and analysis brings substantial risks of privacy breaches and data mis-use.Issues with the transparency and control of data sharing further elevate the ethi-cal pressure on privacy protection.Responsibility challenges arise with the"black box"nature of algorithms,particularly the opacity of artificial intelligence systems,which makes it difficult to identify the responsible parties when issues occur.When algorithmic biases or flawed decisions harm service recipients,the ambiguity sur-rounding accountability creates ethical dilemmas in professional social work.Lastly,in the technological dimension,digitalized social work risks replacing human-centered care with instrumental rationality,overlooking clients'agency and personal-ized needs,which can lead to an over-reliance on technology and a mechanized ap-proach to service delivery,sidelining individual experiences and emotional care.To address these ethical challenges,social work should participate in interdisci-plinary global dialogue,advance research on digital ethics,exercise caution in the ap-plication of digital technology,and promote the development of ethical guidelines in digital social work,providing a framework for future practice.Social work education should also focus on digital ethics and technical training to ensure that practitioners possess both technological literacy and ethical sensitivity,safeguarding against the misuse of technology in ways that may harm service recipients.In conclusion,while the rapid development of digital and artificial intelligence technologies offers unprecedented opportunities for social work innovation,it also presents unique ethical challenges.As social work embraces these new technologies,it must consistently prioritize ethics to ensure that technological applications remain aligned with professional ethics and protect the rights and interests of service recipi-ents.This is not only a necessary step for digital transformation but also a crucial as-pect of upholding the core values of the social work profession.

赵芳、刘思彤

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复旦大学社会发展与公共政策学院(上海 200433)

社会工作伦理 数字化时代 人工智能

2024

社会工作
江西省民政厅

社会工作

CHSSCD
影响因子:0.643
ISSN:1672-4828
年,卷(期):2024.(6)