以武汉市主城区养老设施兴趣点(point of interest,POI)数据为基础,运用最邻近指数、核密度分析、多距离空间聚类分析和热点分析研究其空间分异特征并提出布局优化策略.结果表明:①养老设施整体空间布局呈多中心集聚分布,且集聚程度北高南低、空间分布北密南稀;②养老设施空间分异特征较为显著:规模较大的养老设施如老年养护院呈"主-次核心"集聚格局,养老院呈"孤岛型"分布,小规模的老年人日间照料中心则以"品字形"多中心团聚式集聚;③多尺度空间下养老院和老年人日间照料中心空间集聚效应明显,老年养护院在7 km处出现聚集性分异,冷热点集聚区在武汉市主城区街道层面"块状"分布特征显著.未来应积极响应国家"十四五"养老规划战略要求,让养老设施按需匹配,进行内涵提升.
Research on Spatial Differentiation Features and Spatial Layout Optimization Strategy of Senior Care Facilities:A Case Study in Wuhan Central Area
Through the analysis of the spatial POI data of se-nior care facilities in the main urban area of Wuhan,the distri-bution of senior care facilities in the main urban area of Wuhan is polycentric,the degree of concentration is high in the north and low in the south,and the spatial distribution is dense in the north and sparse in the south,with obvious hierarchy. The phenomenon of "high demand and low allocation" and "low demand and high allocation" is common. In the future,at the level of effective utilization of spatial resources,the spatial layout of senior care facilities should not only consider geo-graphical conditions and comprehensively analyze the service radius,service targets,and accessibility of various types of se-nior care facilities at all levels,but also make scientific and reasonable spatial layout optimization of graded and classified senior care facilities based on the distribution of elderly popula-tion density and the needs of various types of senior care facili-ties with different degrees of self-care and different economic incomes.
old-age care facilitiesWuhan central areaaging populationspatial differentiationlayout optimization strategy
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
