A Comparative Study of the Development of Community Mental Health Systems in Four Countries
The delivery of mental health services has shown a development trend of community engagement.However,how to construct an efficient and professional community mental health service system is still an essential issue for the development of China's cause of persons with mental disabilities.While reviewing the development of psychiatric theories and therapeutic techniques,we reviewed the community mental health service systems in France,the United States,Britain and Italy established by referring to different contemporary psychiatric theories since World War Ⅱ,then analyzed and summarized the successful experiences and failures that the four countries gained from the"deinstitutionalization"movement,and comprehensively compared community mental health models and their effectiveness in the countries.We found that a good mental health service system depends on the optimal combination of the factors as follows:psychiatric theories and techniques applicable to the community environment of a country;scientific and effective organization and management of services including psychiatric treatment and social support;adequate financial support;proactive welfare policies;enough qualified mental health workers.
Mental illnessCommunity rehabilitationCommunity mental health servicesCommunity psychiatryDeinstitutionalization movement
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