NaCl和LiF对低温铝电解电流效率的影响

Effect of NaCl and LiF on current efficiency of low temperature aluminum electrolysis

薛正铎 ¹郭不拘 ¹牛子儒 ¹张元坤 ¹刘爱民 ¹石忠宁²

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作者信息

1. 东北大学冶金学院,沈阳 110819
2. 东北大学轧制技术及连轧自动化国家重点实验室,沈阳 110819
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摘要

低温铝电解是铝电解工艺的重要研究方向,熔盐体系的组成对电解温度和电流效率影响较大.为了获得较优的低温熔盐体系组成,在NaF-AlF3-CaF2-Al2 O3熔盐体系中添加NaCl和LiF,在840～880℃下电解4 h,分别分析添加剂和Al2 O3的质量分数对电流效率的影响.结果表明:添加10％(质量分数,下同)NaCl时电流效率为72.5％,与传统NaF-AlF3-CaF2-Al2 O3熔盐体系电解4 h的电流效率相比提高了16.4％;添加2.5％NaCl-7.5％LiF,5％NaCl-5％LiF,7.5％NaCl-2.5％LiF时电流效率约为68％;添加10％LiF时电流效率为57.8％;当Al2 O3质量分数为2％时,NaF-AlF3-5％CaF2-10％NaCl-5％LiF熔盐体系电解2 h的电流效率为48.1％,与Al2 O3质量分数为3％时的电流效率相比提高了5.2％.

Abstract

Low temperature aluminum electrolysis is an important research area for energy saving in aluminum electrolysis technology.The composition of the molten salt has a significant effect on the electrolysis temperature and current efficiency.In order to obtain the optimal low-temperature molten salt systems,NaCl and LiF have been added to the NaF-AlF3-CaF2-Al2 O3 molten salt systems,and the electrolysis has been conducted at 840～880℃for 4 h.The influences of additive and alumina mass fraction on the current efficiency have been analyzed.The results show that when 10％ ( mass fraction,the same as below) NaCl is added the current efficiency is 72.5％,which is 16.4％ higher than that of the traditional NaF-AlF3-CaF2-Al2 O3 molten salt system.When 2.5％NaCl-7.5％LiF,5％NaCl-5％LiF,and 7.5％NaCl-2.5％LiF are added,the current efficiency is approximately 68％.When 10％LiF is added,the current efficiency is 57.8％.When the mass fraction of Al2 O3 is 2％,the current efficiency during NaF-AlF3-5％CaF2-10％NaCl-5％LiF molten salt systems electrolysis for 2 h is 48.1％,which is 5.2％ higher than that of the Al2 O3 with the mass fraction of 3％.

关键词

低温铝电解/电流效率/NaCl/LiF

Key words

low temperature aluminum electrolysis/current efficiency/NaCl/LiF

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基金项目

国家自然科学基金(52074084)

出版年

2024

材料与冶金学报

东北大学

材料与冶金学报

北大核心

影响因子：0.516

ISSN：1671-6620

参考文献量24

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