Organic solvent-based electrolytes for electrochemical metallurgy
The molten salt electrolysis method is associated with high temperatures and high energy consumption,while the auqeous solution electrolysis method which is not suitable for active metal elctrodeposition leading to a hydrogen embrittlement.These issues can be resolved by utilizing a room-temperature,non-aqueous electrolyte system.This paper compares and analyzes the characteristics of several room temperature non-aqueous electrolytes,including ionic liquids,deep eutectic solvents,and organic solvents.The main focus is on the research progress of electrochemical metallurgy of Al,Mg,Nd,La,Zn,and other metals,by organic solvent-based electrolyte systems consisting of tetrahydrofuran-benzene,vinyl carbonate,and 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone with AlCl3,ZnCl2,and LiNO3 respectively are emphasized.This paper analyzes the similarities and differences between electrolytes used in electrolysis and batteries.It also summarizes the properties and characteristics of organic solvent electrolytes,which are composed of various solvents such as benzene,ether,alcohol,lipids,tetrahydrofuran,imidazolinone,and halogenated hydrocarbons.These electrolytes also contain solutes such as organometallic salts and inorganic salts,along with additives like metal hydrides and inorganic salts.Additionally,we introduce the ionic structures of these systems and summarize the chemical and electrochemical reactions associated with the electrodeposition process.Furthermore,this paper examines the correlation between coating properties and electrodeposition parameters.It also addresses current challenges and suggests potential areas for future research in non-aqueous electrolyte electrochemical metallurgy and material preparation.
organic solventnonaqueous electrolytemetal hydrideorganometallic saltactive metalsroom temperature electolysis
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