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明代官修经解的承继、设限与经学嬗变

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官修经解是以官修形式对儒家经典重加疏解的经学文献。有明一代中央政权高度集中,明代官修经解的编纂背景、内涵和思想特质,体现了一代王朝的文化选择和政治导向。明代官方编修的经学典籍文献,对于经学政策的说明不单是重要的资料,也是明代官修经解承继与设限的重要见证。明代官修经解的颁行,使经学以程朱理学而独尊,官修经解在经典诠释方面推行通俗化和普及化的举措,客观上推动了儒家经学的传播和经学教育的普及。经学文献的官方解读,则又代表了明代文化整合、思想设限的特色,在经学领域产生了很大的影响,体现了高度集中的中央政权对经学学术的干预和对思想领域的控制。明代官方经学反映出尊崇程朱理学的学术取向和巩固统治、维系人心的政治诉求,而明代官修经解体现了对宋元以来的经世致用经义精神的传承。明中后期的经学私家著述兼有学术与治道的功用,亦是对经学学术的承继和经学治道的践行,凸显出明代官修经解影响下经学嬗变的文化意义,生动反映出经学学术和科举应试之间的互动关系与制衡取舍。明代官修经解的承继与设限客观上影响了经学发展的面向和进程,亦是明中后期学者对宋学的反动和经学嬗变的深层根源,更多的经学话语融入以文献为依据的注经和解经,从而拓展出新的经学视域。对有明一代学术风气的重新检视,可以发现明代官修经解承继与设限的重要维度,由此传递出学术风气消长变化过程中的学术新变,有裨于深化对明代官方经学的研究。
The inheritance and limitation of official interpretations of Confucian classics in the Ming Dynasty and the evolution of Confucian classics studies
Official interpretation of Confucian classics is a scholarly document that interprets Confucian classics in the form of official interpretation.During the Ming Dynasty,the central government was highly centralized,the compilation background,connotation,and ideological characteristics of the Ming Dynasty's official interpretation of the classics reflect the cultural choices and political orientation of a dynasty.The official interpretation of Confucian classics and documents in the Ming Dynasty is not only an important source of information for explaining the policies of Confucian studies,but also an important witness to the inheritance and limitations of the official interpretation of Confucian classics in the Ming Dynasty.The issuance of official interpretations of Confucian classics during the Ming Dynasty led to the dominance of Cheng Zhu Neo Confucianism in the study of classics.The promotion of popularization and accessibility in the official interpretation of classics objectively promoted the dissemination of Confucian classics and the popularization of Confucian education.The official interpretation of Confucian literature represents the characteristics of cultural integration and ideological limitations in the Ming Dynasty,which had a significant impact in the field of Confucian studies,reflecting the highly centralized central government's intervention in Confucian scholarship and control over the ideological sphere.The official Confucian classics of the Ming Dynasty reflected the academic orientation of respecting Cheng Zhu Neo Confucianism,as well as the political demand to consolidate rule and maintain people's hearts,while the official Confucian classics of the Ming Dynasty embodied the inheritance of the spirit of applying the classics to the world since the Song and Yuan dynasties.The private writings on Confucian classics in the mid to late Ming Dynasty had both academic and governing functions,and were also the inheritance of Confucian scholarship and the practice of Confucian scholarship in governing.They highlighted the cultural significance of the transformation of Confucian classics under the influence of official Confucian scholars in the Ming Dynasty,vividly reflecting the interactive relationship and balance between the academic study of the classics and the imperial examination system.The inheritance and limitations of the Ming Dynasty's official interpretation of the Confucian classics objectively influenced the direction and process of the development of Confucian classics,and also served as the deep root of the reactionary views of scholars towards Song studies in the mid to late Ming Dynasty and evolution of Confucian classics studies.More discourse on Confucian classics was integrated into annotations and reconciliations based on literature,thus expanding new perspectives on Confucian studies.A reexamination of the academic atmosphere of the Ming Dynasty reveals the important dimensions of the inheritance and limitations of the Ming Dynasty's official interpretation of the Confucian classics,which conveys the new academic changes in the process of the rise and fall of academic atmosphere,and is beneficial for deepening the research on the Ming Dynasty's official Confucian classics.

Ming Dynastyofficial interpretations of Confucian classicsConfucianismstudy of Confu-cian classics

郭素红

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北京联合大学师范学院中文系,北京 100101

明代 官修经解 儒家 经学

2024

重庆大学学报(社会科学版)
重庆大学

重庆大学学报(社会科学版)

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.047
ISSN:1008-5831
年,卷(期):2024.30(6)