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全球主要发达国家工业化进程、规律与启示

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党的二十大系统部署了以中国式现代化推进中华民族伟大复兴的战略.回顾发达国家经济史,工业化无疑是现代化进程的核心内容.当前,我国正处于接近完成工业化的关键阶段,吸收并借鉴发达国家工业化的基本经验具有重要意义.探讨并分析美国、德国和日本等主要发达国家工业化的主要特点,如发挥比较优势和后发优势、保护国内产业发展、加速技术创新、推动形成统一市场和城市化进程、重视教育和社会公平等.为推动我国工业化高质量发展,从发达国家工业化经验总结得到 8 点启示:一是发挥政府主导作用,二是积极利用比较优势和后发优势,三是适时有序推动产业升级,四是加快形成资本积累,五是加大公共基础设施投资力度,六是重视发挥人力资本作用,七是推动工业化与城市化协同发展,八是加快产业产品结构升级.
The industrialization process,laws and enlightenment of major developed countries
The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China systematically deployed the strategy of promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese path to modernization.Looking back at the economic history of developed countries,industrialization is undoubtedly the core content of the modernization process.At present,China is in a critical stage of approaching the completion of industrialization,and it is of great significance to absorb and learn from the basic experience of industrialization in developed countries.This article explores and analyzes the main characteristics of industrialization in major developed countries such as the United States,Germany,and Japan,which refer to leveraging comparative and latecomer advantages,protecting domestic industrial development,accelerating technological innovation,promoting the formation of a unified market and urbanization process,and emphasizing education and social equity.To promote the high-quality development of industrialization in China,this article figures out eight inspirations from the industrialization experience of developed countries:first,to give full play to the leading role of the government;secondly,to actively utilize comparative advantages and latecomer advantages;thirdly,to timely and orderly promote industrial upgrading;fourthly,to accelerate the formation of capital accumulation;fifthly,to increase investment in public infrastructure;sixthly,to attach importance to the role of human capital;seventhly,to promote the coordinated development of industrialization and urbanization;eighthly,to accelerate the upgrading of industrial product structure.

developed countryindustrializationdevelopment stagedevelopment characteristicexperience and enlightenment

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国务院发展研究中心 公共管理与人力资源研究所,北京 100010

发达国家 工业化 发展阶段 发展特点 经验启示

2024

重庆理工大学学报
重庆理工大学

重庆理工大学学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:0.567
ISSN:1674-8425
年,卷(期):2024.38(24)