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土壤污染防治责任主体制度的完善:以多元共治为路径

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引发土壤污染的主体原因及行为原因的多元化,导致对于责任主体的认定面临理论与实践的双重争议.依据《中华人民共和国土壤污染防治法》第45条建立的土壤污染防治责任主体制度需要在"多元共治"的思路下予以完善.第一,明确土壤污染责任人的法定义务并进一步完善其法定内涵;第二,运用目的性扩大解释将"土地使用权人"的内涵界定为"土地使用人";第三,以效率为导向健全土壤污染防治的行政监管程序与义务履行过程.土壤污染"多元共治"的实践展开,是以"政府方—项目公司—其他社会资本方"形式形成公私合作的合同履约关系,以环境公共利益优位保护为原则协调和解决利益冲突,并通过私益主体和公益主体的公众参与来保证土壤污染防治的社会效果.
Improvement of Responsibility System for Soil Pollution Prevention and Control Through Multiple Co-governance
Diversified human and behavioral causes of soil pollution are a dilemma in determining responsible parties,and the responsibility system for soil pollution prevention and control specified by Article 45 of the Soil Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People 's Republic of China is suggested to be improved under the idea of"multip[le co-management".Firstly,to clarify the legal obligations of the responsible person for soil pollution and further improve its legal connotation;secondly,to define the connotation of"land use right holder"as"land user"by applying purposive expanded interpretation;thirdly,to improve the administrative supervision procedure and obligation fulfillment process of soil pollution prevention and control with efficiency as the basis.The practice of"multiple co-governance"of soil pollution is to form a contractual relationship of public-private partnership among the government,project companies and other social capitals,to coordinate and resolve conflicts of interest based on the principle of priority protection of public environmental interests,and to ensure social effects of soil pollution prevention and control through public participation of both private and public interest subjects.

soil pollution prevention and controlmultiple co-governancepublic-private partnershipbehavioral responsibilitystate responsibility

韩松余

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苏州大学王健法学院,江苏 苏州 215006

土壤污染防治 多元共治 公私合作 行为责任 状态责任

2024

重庆科技学院学报(社会科学版)
重庆科技学院

重庆科技学院学报(社会科学版)

影响因子:0.242
ISSN:1673-1999
年,卷(期):2024.(5)