Although radiotherapy can significantly increase the survival rate of patients with head and neck tumors,it also causes damage to the surrounding normal brain tissue,resulting in radiation-induced brain necrosis and cognitive decline,which shows an in-cidence rate up to 90％and seriously affects the quality of life of patients.In recent years,researchers have explored the potential eti-ologies of radiation-induced brain injury(RIBI)at various levels and have identified different types of targets for intervention,provid-ing new strategies for the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced damage.This article reviews the mechanisms of the develop-ment and progression of RIBI and related pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions and proposes the current challenges and future research directions of this field.
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