Renal cysts are a common disease in the field of urology,and the increase in cyst volume can lead to various symptoms such as pain,infection,and bleeding and even affect renal function.Simple renal cysts have a low risk of malignancy and generally do not require treatment,and simple renal cyst unroofing can be selected for acute treatment.Complex renal cysts have varying degrees of malignancy risk,and patients classified as Bosniak grade Ⅲ or higher tend to face a relatively high risk of malignancy.Radiological ex-amination may help to determine the risk of malignancy and perform differential diagnosis of malignant renal tumors.Adequate preop-erative evaluation of complex renal cysts,selection of different surgical procedures according to the risk of malignancy,and avoidance of possible dissemination of malignant cells caused by intraoperative rupture of cysts are very important for the prognosis of patients with complex renal cysts.This article focuses on the preoperative evaluation and surgical treatment of complex renal cysts,the key tech-nical points to avoid its rupture during the treatment of cysts,and the remedial measures for cyst rupture,in order to further improve the prognosis of patients with complex renal cysts.
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