Bladder cancer is the ninth most common malignancy in the world and the most prevalent cancer in the urinary system.Cys-toscopy allows urologists to directly observe the internal structure of the bladder,which is the"gold standard"for diagnosing bladder cancer.Although postoperative chemotherapy significantly improves patient survival rate,regular follow-up is required due to the high recurrence rate of bladder cancer.Repeated invasive cystoscopic examination causes great discomfort and poor compliance,directly complicating postoperative patient management.With the advancement of technology,new endoscopic techniques are becoming in-creasingly important in the diagnosis and treatment of urinary system diseases.Developing cystoscopes with higher diagnostic accu-racy,fewer blind spots,smaller instrument size,and more comfortable patient experience has become a focus of research.Wireless cap-sule cystoscopy can be an important method to address these issues.This article reviews the current development and the challenges that still need to be addressed regarding capsule cystoscopy.
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