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北京历史街区外部空间公共性的典型案例研究

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历史街区中的外部空间是承载社会生活的重要公共场所,如今却多有私人侵占现象且屡禁不止.选取北京老城上斜街西段166 m的胡同平房区外部空间作为典型案例,首先对侵占现状进行详细调研和绘图,然后开展基于规划原始功能、现状使用情况及公众情绪反馈的空间划分,从功能、使用权、知觉3个维度解构其公共性特征.将0.24 ha的外部空间分别从功能维度划分为7类45个空间单元,使用权维度划分为6类42个空间单元,知觉维度划分为6类51个空间单元,以服务范围、侵占率、主观感知为标准,将各维度的公共性程度评价划分为一至四级.将各维度的空间单元和公共性评价结果叠加,共得到71个综合空间单元,进而归纳出16类典型外部空间,总结特征并提出改进意见.通过对历史街区外部空间私人侵占乱象的典型案例调查与分析,探讨我国城市历史街区复杂的公共性问题,为城市更新与社会治理提供参考.
A CASE STUDY OF THE PUBLICITY OF EXTERNAL SPACES IN BEIJING'S HISTORIC DISTRICTS
The external space in historic districts is an important public space for social life,but nowadays there are many cases of private encroachment on such space,which are often hard to be prohibited.The external space of the 166-meter Hutong area in the west section of Shangxiejie Street in the Old City of Beijing is selected as a typical case,and the detailed research and mapping of the current encroachment status are conducted first,and then the spatial delineation is carried out based on the original function of the plan,the current use situation,and the public sentiment feedback,so as to analyze the public characteristics of the area in terms of three dimensions:functionality,right to use,and perception.The external space of 0.24 ha is divided into 45 spatial units of 7 categories from the functional dimension,42 spatial units of 6 categories from the right-to-use dimension,and 51 spatial units of 6 categories from the perception dimension,and the degree of publicity of each dimension is evaluated into 1-4 levels based on the criteria of service scope,encroachment rate,and subjective perception.By superimposing the spatial units of each dimension and the publicity evaluation results,a total of 71 comprehensive spatial units are obtained,and then 16 categories of typical external spaces are summarized to make clear the characteristics and propose improvement suggestions.Through the investigation and analysis of typical cases of private encroachment on the external space of historic districts,this paper explores the complex publicity problems of China's urban historic districts,and provides references for urban renewal and social governance.

publicityurban regenerationhistoric districtexternal spacepublic spacethe Old City of Beijing

刘祎绯、宋文龄、周海琴、李书畅、朱晓晨

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北京林业大学园林学院城乡规划系

中国城市规划学会

东南大学建筑学院

华南理工大学建筑学院

北京林业大学园林学院

安徽省马鞍山市含山县陶厂镇人民政府

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公共性 城市更新 历史街区 外部空间 公共空间 北京老城

国家自然科学基金面上项目北京市社会科学基金青年项目中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金北京林业大学研究生课程思政建设项目北京市大学生创新训练项目

5207804018LSC0092021SCZ04KCSZ23049S202010022100

2024

10.11819/cpr20240113a

城市规划
中国城市规划学会

城市规划

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子：2.515
ISSN：1002-1329
年,卷(期)：2024.48(1)
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