摘要
城市道路拥堵是时间与空间交织形成的复杂问题.在城市空间格局基本定型的背景下,从往往被忽视的时间维度切入,有望提升城市运行效率并促进可持续发展.以上海翔殷路隧道为例,利用手机信令数据,从时空行为视角深入剖析道路拥堵的形成机制,并提出"因时因地"的缓堵策略.研究发现,人群活动产生的交通流在局部路段存在复杂的时空叠加和时空转换关系.多组不同出发地和目的地的交通流,经过时间和空间等效转换后发生流量叠加,且叠加后的总流量超过道路承载能力,从而形成拥堵高峰.针对这一问题,根据不同人群出行模式的时空特征,提出刚性错峰和弹性引导等差异化策略,通过多情景设定评估不同策略的优化潜力,为缓堵政策制定提供多情景参考.基于时空行为特征的分析方法和策略思路不仅为道路拥堵治理提供借鉴,也可推广应用于理解和解决城市中的其他复杂问题,为城市精细化管理和可持续发展提供新的思路.
Abstract
Road congestion is a complex issue intertwined with time and space.Within established urban spatial patterns,addressing the often-overlooked time dimension could enhance urban operational efficiency and promote sustainable development.Using Shanghai's Xiangyin Tunnel as a case study,this research utilizes mobile signaling data to analyze the formation mechanism of road congestion from the spatiotemporal behavior perspective and proposes targeted congestion mitigation strategies.The study reveals that traffic flows generated by human activities exhibit complex spatiotemporal superposition and conversion relationships in local road sections.Multiple traffic flows with different origins and destinations overlap after equivalent temporal and spatial conversions.When the overlapped total flow exceeds the road's capacity,congestion peaks are formed.To address this issue,differentiated strategies such as rigid peak shifting and flexible guidance are proposed based on the spatiotemporal characteristics of different population groups'travel patterns.The potential for optimizing these strategies is assessed in different assumed scenarios,providing multi-scenario references for congestion policy formulation.The analytical approach and strategic thinking based on spatiotemporal behavioral characteristics offer insights for road congestion management.Moreover,they can be applied to understand and solve other complex urban issues,providing new ideas for refined urban management and sustainable development.
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