CONSTRUCTION OF ANCIENT TOWN DEFENSE SPACE IN THE HANJIANG RIVER BASIN:A CASE STUDY OF TOWNS IN SICHUAN,SHAANXI,AND HUBEI PROVINCES IN THE SONG,YUAN,MING,AND QING DYNASTIES
CONSTRUCTION OF ANCIENT TOWN DEFENSE SPACE IN THE HANJIANG RIVER BASIN:A CASE STUDY OF TOWNS IN SICHUAN,SHAANXI,AND HUBEI PROVINCES IN THE SONG,YUAN,MING,AND QING DYNASTIES
Ancient Chinese cities integrated both natural landscape and humanistic factors.Therefore,the defense space of local human settlements was established featuring both regional landscape and culture.In the Hanjiang River Basin,a linear landscaped human settlement defense system was developed along the river,closely related to the defense zones in Sichuan,Shaanxi,and Hubei provinces in the Song,Yuan,Ming,and Qing dynasties.This paper reviews the historical stages of town defense development in the Hanjiang River Basin,and summarizes the characteristics of the defense system's siting and layout which were a combination of scattered sites and linear concentrations in separate zones.Based on historical data documented in the military books of the Song Dynasty,as well as those in the local records and town maps of the Ming and Qing dynasties,the paper examines the layout and spatial characteristics of defense facilities in ancient towns in Sichuan,Shaanxi,and Hubei provinces during the turbulent periods of these dynasties from the perspectives of human settlement safety and defense.Furthermore,the paper delves into the adaptive evolution process of the landscaped human settlement defense system in the Hanjiang River Basin,and distills the wisdom of defense space construction in these regions in ancient China.This paper is of great significance for summarizing the local urban planning experience in the human settlement defense history in ancient China,promoting the restoration of defense space structure of the towns in the Song and Yuan dynasties,and providing new insights into the characteristics of the defense space elements of the military architectural heritage of the Ming and Qing dynasties.
关键词
汉水流域/人居环境/防御空间/川陕鄂地区/城镇
Key words
Hanjiang River Basin/human settlement/defense space/Sichuan,Shaanxi,and Hubei provinces/town
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