[Objective]A proteomic approach was utilized to study the reasons for the rapid weight lost but still vigorous stamina of Bactrian camel males during estrus.[Methods]Blood samples were collected from male camels during the estrous period,and subsequently blood was collected during the non-estrous period as a control group,and the samples from the two periods were quantitatively analyzed for protein expression to reveal the differences in protein expression between the estrous and non-estrous periods.[Results]The results showed that 26 proteins were differently expressed in the blood samples collected during estrus and non-estrus,of which 4 proteins were increased and 22 proteins were decreased in the blood samples collected during estrus;COG analysis revealed that the differentially expressed proteins were mainly involved in biological processes such as cell division,cell cycle,protein turnover,and post-translational modification;and GO analysis revealed different functions,such as as biosynthesis of glycogen,immune response,cell adhesion,protein polymerisation,activation of blood plate,signalling,basal microtubule synthesis,blood coagulation,etc.;KEGG analysis revealed,among others,signaling pathways related to tissue remodeling,inflammation,and resistance to infectious factors;cell matrix adhesion pathway related to important biological process,such as cell motility,cell proliferation,cell differentiation,regulation of gene expression,and cell survival;and also phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase(PI3K)-Akt signaling pathway.[Conclusion]The results showed that proteins such as GYS,PPP1R3G,AGP,mTOR,and PI3k were closely related to the ability of male camels to maintain their energetic level even with low food intake during estrus.
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