Research Progress on Oocyte Activation in Parthenogenesis
Oocytes change from the early stage of the first meiosis to the middle of the second meiosis,which is called the meiosis maturity period of oocytes.In sexual reproduction,oocytes have the ability to fertilize when they mature.Parthenogenesis activation refers to the process of spontaneous recovery and completion of meiosis under the stimulation of some physical and chemical factors without the stimulation of sperm in the middle of the second meiosis,carry out mitosis and develop into the embryo.The ability of oocytes to mature is a necessary condition for the occurrence of parthenogenesis.It is known that the maturation of oocytes is closely related to the level regulation of cAMP,PKA,MPF and other factors.The principle of artificial activation of oocytes is to change the molecular action network and chemical signal transmission in oocytes through external stimulation.The methods include physical activation,chemical activation and joint activation.For the selection of different methods for different species,the activation effect of parthenogenesis is related to the source,egg age,method selection and culture conditions of oocytes.
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