This study takes the population flow of mu-nicipal and county districts as the analytical perspective,aiming to explore the pattern evolutionary characteristics functional mechanism and urbanization effects of population flow,which across three dimensions:population inflow,population outflow,and internal population flow,within municipal and county dis-tricts in China from 2000 to 2020.The results show three con-clusion:Firstly,in the municipal and county districts,the in-flow of population exhibits clustering effects and a trend towards dispersion,while the outflow remains stable with spatially bal-anced distribution characteristics,and simultaneously internal population flow showing significant regional differences.Second-ly,natural geographical conditions are the basic factors that form the uneven pattern of population flow in China,with economic growth and employment opportunities as the core driving forces to promote population flow.Social factors exert multiple influences on population flow,and the municipal districts of the provincial capital has a prominent attraction to population flow.Thirdly,the enhancement of urbanization levels which come of the contri-bution of population flow within municipal and county districts has reached a stage of high significance for national equilibrium.Internal population flow is the core driving force for improving the level of urbanization in municipal and county districts.
population flowmunicipal districtscounty districtsevolutionary characteristicsfunctional mechanismur-banization effect