N2O and PN10 Emissions of Heavy-Duty Vehicle under Low Load Cycle
For the future legislation requirements,the emission characteristics of nitrous oxide(N2O),particulate matter quantities above 10 nm(PN10)and above 23 nm(PN23)of heavy-duty vehicle were studied at different loads according to low load cycle(LLC),and regional analysis was conducted using the v-VSP binning-reconstruction model.The results show that the total N2O emissions under LLC increase with the increase of load and are directly related to exhaust temperature.N2O e-missions are positively correlated with load in the area of low speed or negative VSP,but N2O emissions reduce under the full load in the area of positive VSP and medium-high speed.Both PN10 and PN23 increase with the load increase,and the particles with the size of 10-23 nm take a higher proportion with the larger load.PN10 and PN23 have relatively high concentrations of e-mission in the area of medium-high speed and high absolute VSP values,but the absolute emissions of PN10 and PN23 mainly concentrate in the area of positive VSP values.With the increase of load,the particles with the size of 10-23 nm take higher proportion in the area of low-speed and high VSP.
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