To study the single-stage planetary gear train of large power gearbox,KISSsoft software was applied to gear modification design. The tooth surface safety factor and tooth root safety factor of the sun gear and planetary gear was improved after modification. The overlap and bonding safety factor of the meshing transmission of the gear train was also been correspondingly increased. The modification plan improved the tooth surface pitting and bonding phenomenon of the gear during meshing,and enhanced the safety and stability of the meshing process. The joint simulation results of ANSYS Workbench and Hypermesh software show that:The stress of the planetary gear train is mainly distributed at the tooth root during the meshing of the sun gear,the tooth root during the meshing of the inner ring gear,and the tooth root during the meshing of the planetary gear;The maximum equivalent stress is 338.84 MPa, which is less than the allowable stress of the material;The revised design scheme is reasonable.