摘要
茶园建设固定遮阳网可助力干旱时节抗旱和冬季防冻,但茶园病虫害也常发.目前,有关固定遮阳网茶园昆虫群落缺乏研究.以浙江松阳县建有的固定遮阳网茶园为对象,冬季采用13 种颜色的诱虫色板每隔10 d依次对 5 块遮阳网茶园内昆虫进行诱捕,统计24 h内捕获的种数和个体数.结果共捕获6个目37个科的2940个昆虫(蜘蛛);诱捕量最多的为双翅目,种数、个体数分别占总物种数、总个体数的29.7%和69.5%;聚类分析将13种色板中的荧光绿、芽绿、米黄、土黄、橘黄、草绿、荧光黄和素馨黄色板聚为一类,每种色彩的每块板平均诱捕的物种数和个体数分别是(19.4±2.4)种和(286.9±55.4)个;墨绿、大红、天蓝、土褐和纯白 5 种色板聚为一类,每种色彩的每块板平均诱捕的物种数和个体数分别是(11.8±3.3)种和(129.0±36.4)个;主要害虫有茶小绿叶蝉、茶蚜和黑刺粉虱等,主要天敌是尺蠖原绒茧蜂和单白绵副绒茧蜂.研究认为遮阳网茶园成为主要害虫和重要天敌的越冬庇护场所;芽绿、素馨黄、荧光绿和荧光黄等色板可作为监测茶园虫情的手段之一.
Abstract
The construction of fixed shading nets in tea plantations can assist in drought resistance during dry seasons and winter frost prevention,but tea plantation diseases and pests are also common.At present,there is a lack of research on insect communities in tea plantations with fixed shading nets.This experiment took the tea plantations with fixed shading net built in Songyang County,Zhejiang Province as the object,13 types of sticky colored boards were used to trap insects in 5 tea plantations with shading net at intervals of 10 days in winter,and the number of species and individuals captured within 24 hours was counted.The results showed that:① 2940 insects(araneids)from 37 families of 6 orders were trapped;② The group with the largest catches of species and individuals were Diptera,accounted for 29.7%and 69.5%of the total number of species and individuals,respectively;③ By means of cluster analysis,fluorescent green,bud green,beige yellow,soil yellow,orange yellow,grass green,fluorescent yellow and jasmine yellow from 13 types of sticky colored boards were clustered into one group,and the average of species and individuals trapped by each board per color was 19.4±2.4 and 286.9±55.4,respectively;Dark green,bright red,sky blue,earth brown and pure white were clustered into another group,and the average of species and individuals trapped by each board per color was 11.8±3.3 and 129.0±36.4,respectively;④ The main pests were tea green leafhopper,tea aphid and black porcelain whitefly,etc.,the main natural enemies are Echinozoon inchworm and Paracentrus monomalus.It was considered that the tea plantations with shading net became the overwintering shelter for major pests and important natural enemies.The bud green,jasmine yellow,fluorescent green and fluorescent yellow colored boards could be used as one of the means to monitor insect infestation in tea plantations.
维普
万方数据