摘要
为全方位了解缅甸茶叶生产和贸易现状,采用《缅甸统计年鉴》《世界毒品报告》的茶叶种植规模数据和东盟数据库的贸易数据,基于生产集中度、区域比较优势指数和贸易竞争优势指数对缅甸茶叶生产、贸易状况进行分析.结果表明缅甸茶叶生产集中在北部,掸邦占比超 80%;缅甸北部地区的茶叶替代种植效果显著,增幅为 45.22%;缅甸茶叶单产较低,平均为 373.68 kg/hm2,各地区单产由低到高依次为克耶邦、内比都、钦邦、曼德勒省、克伦邦、孟邦、掸邦、克钦邦和实皆省.缅甸各地区均不具备茶叶生产的效率比较优势(SEij指数均<0),掸邦、克钦邦具有茶叶生产的综合比较优势(EAIij指数>1).缅甸茶以出口贸易为主,主要为绿茶.缅甸绿茶对全球和中国的贸易竞争优势指数变化均呈由弱到强的趋势;缅甸红茶对全球不具备竞争优势,但对中国的竞争优势指数为极强竞争优势.
Abstract
In order to comprehensively understand the current situation of tea production and trade in Myanmar,using the data of tea planting scale in Myanmar Statistical Yearbook,World Drug Report and trade data in ASEAN database,this paper analyzed the production and trade of tea in Myanmar are analyzed based on the production concentration ratio,regional comparative advantage index and trade competitive advantage index.The result show that tea production in Myanmar is concentrated in the north,with Shan State accounting for over 80%;The tea substitution planting had a significant effect in the northern region of Myanmar,which was increased by 45.22%;The yield per unit of tea in Myanmar was relatively low,with an average of 373.68 kg/hm2,the yield per unit by province from low to high was:Kayah State,Nay Pyi Taw,Chin State,Mandalay Province,Kayin State,Mon State,Shan State,Kachin State,and Sagaing Province;the tea production of each province in Myanmar has no efficiency comparative advantage(SEij<0),while Shan State and Kachin State have a comprehensive comparative advantage in tea production(EAIij index>1).Myanmar's tea product is mainly exported,and the main products are green tea.The trade competitive advantage index of Myanmar green tea to the world and China shows a trend from weak to strong competitive advantage;Myanmar's black tea has no competitive advantage over the world,but its competitive advantage index for China is extremely strong.
基金项目
云南省财政预算重大专项子课题(530000210000000023855)
云南省科技厅乡村振兴科技专项(202204BK090115)
临沧科技兴边现代化边境小康村示范带建设项目(202204AC100001-A08)
维普
万方数据