Zebrafish Model for Environmental Risk Assessment:Its Application in Major Water Systems of Jinhua City
In recent years,Jinhua City has implemented a series of"water control"projects in order to control the concentration of physical and chemical indexes below the standards and improve the quality of the water environ-ment.Considering the potential synergistic or additive effects among various pollutants in water,they may pose potential threats to the normal growth and development of aquatic organisms even when their concentration meets the standards.To accurately evaluate the effectiveness of Jinhua City's"water control"projects on the water environment,chemical analysis and biological assessments were comprehensively employed in this study to evalu-ate the water quality in Jinhua City's main water system after the implementation of these projects.The results showed that the concentration of chemical oxygen demand(COD)in 9 sampling points centered on the intersection of three rivers is lower than the Class Ⅰ standard of surface water in China,indicating the organic pollution in the main water system of Jinhua City is low.The determination for the 19 metal elements showed that concentration of Cd detected at Meixi River sampling site(1.22 μg·L-1)slightly exceeds the Class Ⅰ surface water standard.The concentration of Mn in Qiubin Sewage Plant effluent(210.4 μg·L-1),and the concentration of Sb in Meixi River(8.88 μg·L-1)and Yiwu River(6.24 μg·L-1)samples are all higher than the national standard limits for surface water.Moreover,the concentration of all the detected metal elements can meet the corresponding surface water quality requirements in the study area.Biological evaluation results demonstrated that zebrafish embryos could grow and develop normally in all water samples,and the heat shock protein(HSP70),metallothionein(MT)and antioxidant system were not significantly disturbed.The determination results in this study suggest that the"water control"projects implemented in Jinhua City can effectively control the pollution of heavy metals and organic pollutants in waters,the water quality is generally good,and it does not interfere with the early growth and development of fish.
heavy metalszebrafishearly life stageantioxidant systemchemical oxygen demandmRNA transcription
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