为探讨新型绿色溶剂——天然低共熔溶剂(natural deep eutectic solvents,NADES)的植物毒性,本研究选取白菜、蜜瓜、西葫芦种子作为实验材料,分析5种NADES在不同浓度时对种子萌发及幼苗抗氧化特性的影响作用.结果表明,当NADES浓度在0～2 000 mg·L-1范围内时,基本无影响作用;而当浓度超过6 000 mg·L-1时,则较明显地抑制了种子萌发.同时,同一种NADES对不同植物种子的毒性作用强度不同,其中对蜜瓜的抑制作用最强.此外,蜜瓜幼苗中根和叶的超氧化物歧化酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性、丙二醛含量均与处理液浓度呈正相关性,表明NADES导致蜜瓜幼苗氧化胁迫,进而诱导抗氧化酶活性升高.因此,NADES在高浓度时对植物种子具有胁迫作用,在必要的毒理学评估之前,NADES不应被视为无毒或低毒溶剂.总而言之,本研究结果为揭示NADES的植物毒性提供一定的理论支撑.
Effect of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents on Plant Seed Germination and Seedling Antioxidant Properties
To explore the phytotoxicity of a novel eco-friendly solvent—natural deep eutectic solvents(NADES),this study selected Chinese cabbage,Cucumis melo,and zucchini seeds as experimental subjects.The research analyzed the effects of five types of NADES at varying concentrations on seed germination and antioxidant charac-teristics of seedlings.The results indicate that within the range of NADES concentrations from 0 to 2 000 mg·L-1,there was no notable impact observed.However,when the concentration exceeded 6 000 mg·L-1,it significantly in-hibited seed germination.Additionally,the degree of toxicity varied among different plant seeds exposed to the same NADES,with the most pronounced inhibitory effect observed in Cucumis melo seeds.And the activities of superoxide dismutase,catalase,ascorbic acid peroxidase,and the content malondialdehyde in both the roots and leaves of Cucumis melo seedlings were positively correlated with the concentration of the treatment solution.This indicates that NADES caused oxidative stress in Cucumis melo seedlings,subsequently triggering an increase in antioxidant enzyme activity.Therefore,NADES exhibits toxic effects on plant seeds at high concentrations,and before conducting the necessary toxicological assessments,NADES should not be regarded as non-toxic or low-toxic solvents.In summary,the results of this study provide theoretical support for revealing the phytotoxic effects of NADES.
natural deep eutectic solventseedphyto toxicityantioxidant activity
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