Framework and Methodology of Chemical Alternative Assessment
As global environmental regulations become more and more stringent,companies must continuously search for and develop alternatives to regulated toxic and hazardous chemicals to comply with these regulations and avoid using harmful chemicals.To reduce"regrettable substitutions"and improve the environmental friendliness of alternatives,various institutions,including governmental organizations,non-governmental organizations(NGO)and researchers,have developed methods for the chemical alternative assessment.This study first summarizes the three stages in the development of chemical alternative assessment,reviews existing frameworks both domestic and inter-national,and divides the alternative assessment into two key steps:the grading assessment and the decision-making assessment.Secondly,based on the methods used by governmental organizations and NGOs such as the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency,the German Federal Environmental Agency,and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development,and incorporating progress from existing research,this study introduces and compares the indices and methods used in the chemical grading and the decision-making assessments.This comparison provides a methodological foundation for grading,assessing,and making decisions about toxic and hazardous raw material alternatives in China.Finally,based on existing methods,this study offers suggestions and prospects for constructing a system of alternative assessment methods for chemicals and demonstrating alternative projects in China.
万方数据
维普
