Toxic Effects of Polyethylene Particles and Phenanthrene and Their Com-bined Toxic Actions on Daphnia magna
To investigate the combined toxic effects of microplastics(MPs)and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)on aquatic organisms,the individual and combined exposures were conducted using Daphnia magna as the test organism.The polyethylene microplastics(PE-MPs)with particle size range of 1-10 μm and phenanthrene were selected as experimental materials.Six methods including the toxicity unit method,the additive index method,the mixed toxicity index method,the combination index method,the similarity index method,as well as the equiva-lent line method were employed to assess their combined mode of toxicity.The results demonstrated that both PE-MPs and phenanthrene posed significant immobilisation effects on D.magna,exhibiting a dose-response relation-ship along with a time-dependent correlation following a 48-hour period of individual exposure.The EC50 values were determined to be 5.07 mg·L-1 and 0.61 mg·L-1for PE-MPs and phenanthrene,respectively.Furthermore,there was an enhancement in the toxic effects caused by co-exposure conditions.Based on six evaluation methods,it was indicated that the combined toxic effects of PE-MPs and phenanthrene on D.magna were synergistic joint action.It was implied that MPs in aquatic environments could enhance the biological toxicity of PAHs to Clado-cera.The findings of this study provided valuable data and a reference for investigating the combined toxicity of MPs and other pollutants,thereby contributing to enhancing our understanding of the ecological risks of MPs in a-quatic environments.
万方数据
维普
