Phenotypic Characteristics and Correlation of Pigment Composition in Two Varieties of Ailanthus altissima var.erythrocarpa
To elucidate the correlation between phenotypic characteristics and pigment composition of Ailanthus altissima var.erythrocarpa and to clarify the formation rules of fruit coloration traits,two new strains,A.altissima(Mill.)Swingle(CK)and A.altissima var.erythrocarpa(P1,P10),were used as experimental materials.The study observed their phenotypic traits,developmental processes,and phenological rhythms,measured the biomass,morphological indexes,color differ-ence,pigment components and contents of the leaf blades,leaf rachis,fruiting branches,fruiting prolongation rachis and samaras at different developmental stages.The results showed that:(1)The phenological phases of P10 were the same as those of CK,while P1 was 2-3 days later than CK,the flowers of P1 were green,while those of P10 were red.P1 exhibi-ted color change(green to red),whereas P10 did not(remaining red).(2)The individual sizes of different parts during the growing season were ranked from largest to smallest as follows:P1,CK,and P10.The dry mass of the samaras for all three strains reached its maximum at the fruit maturation stage(S4),in the order of P10,CK,and P1 from largest to smallest.(3)All parts of P1 and P10,except for the leaves,showed shades of orange or red.The different parts of the same strain showed the highest total chlorophyll content,and leaf total chlorophyll and carotenoid content was significantly higher than that of other parts.Among the different parts,the relative mass fraction of anthocyanins was highest in P1's petiole,while it was highest in P10's fruit sequence axis.P10's leaves had the highest total chlorophyll mass fraction(3.518 mg·g-1),which exhibited a significant negative correlation with redness-greenness attributes.The relative mass fractions of anthocyanins in P1's petiole and fruit branch,as well as in P10's fruit branch and fruit sequence axis,showed significant or highly significant positive correlations with redness-greenness attributes and chroma.(4)The samaras of P10 and P1 were consistently in the red color spectrum from the fruit swelling/color change stage(S2)to the peak fruit stage(S3).P1 displayed a color-changing type,with an ornamental characteristic of transitioning from green to red,with its ornamental period from early June to late July.P10,a fully red type,had its ornamental period from early June to mid-July,with P1 exhibiting a longer ornamental duration than P10.During the fruit-setting period to the fruit swelling/color change stage,the relative mass fraction of anthocyanins in P1 significantly increased,facilitating the color change.The rela-tive mass fractions of anthocyanins in different parts of P10 and at various stages were significantly higher than those in P1 and CK,which were the primary reasons for its more vibrant coloration compared to P1 and CK.Additionally,the bright-ness,redness-greenness attributes,and chroma of the samaras during the fruit swelling/color change stage and peak fruit stage were significantly superior in P10 compared to P1,resulting in better ornamental quality during the fruiting period.
万方数据
维普
