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大兴安岭森林可燃物燃烧危险性评估

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评估森林可燃物燃烧危险性,有助于客观认识森林火灾风险水平,从而制定相应防火和灭火措施,为开展森林火灾防治和应急管理工作提供决策依据。以黑龙江省大兴安岭林区为研究区,利用"森林火灾风险普查"3 300块标准样地调查数据,通过森林可燃物燃烧试验,对潜在初始火强度、灌木层连续性和易燃树种密度等指标进行等级划分,量化森林可燃物的燃烧性和空间分布的连续性,判断潜在林火强度大小和易发林火种类,评估森林可燃物燃烧危险性等级。结果表明:(1)黑龙江省大兴安岭林区森林可燃物燃烧危险性等级分为4个等级,即高危险性等级、中高危险性等级、中低危险性等级、低危险性等级;(2)大兴安岭林区从北纬50°~53°30′,从低纬度到高纬度标准地森林火灾高危险性等级比例依次为0。02、0。02、0。02、0。05、0。07、0。10、0。08,低危险性等级比例依次为 0。50、0。48、0。41、0。36、0。34、0。30、0。29。
Risk Assessment of Forest Fuels Combustion in the Greater Khingan Range
Assessing the combustion hazard of forest fuels is essential for objectively understanding the risk level of forest fires,which aids in formulating appropriate prevention and suppression measures,thereby providing a decision-making basis for forest fire prevention and emergency management.This study focuses on the Greater Khingan Range in Heilongjiang Prov-ince,utilizing data from 3 300 standard sample plots derived from the'Forest Fire Risk Survey'.Through forest fuel com-bustion experiments,indicators such as potential initial fire intensity,shrub layer continuity,and the density of flammable tree species were categorized into different levels,allowing for the quantification of the combustibility and spatial distribu-tion continuity of forest fuels.This evaluation aimed to determine the potential intensity of forest fires and the types most likely to occur,ultimately assessing the combustion hazard level of forest fuels.The results showed that:(1)the combus-tion hazard levels of forest fuels in the Greater Khingan Range are categorized into four levels:high hazard level,medium-high hazard level,medium-low hazard level,and low hazard level.(2)Within the Greater Khingan Range,from 50°N to 53°30'N,the proportions of high hazard levels for forest fires in standard sample plots increase from low to high latitude as follows:0.02,0.02,0.02,0.05,0.07,0.10,0.08,while the proportions of low hazard levels are as follows:0.50,0.48,0.41,0.36,0.34,0.30,0.29.

Forest fireRisk assessmentForest fire intensitySpeed of forest fire spreadForest fire types

蔡志勇、孙龙、孙家宝

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东北林业大学,哈尔滨,150040

黑龙江省森林保护研究所

森林火灾 风险评估 林火强度 林火蔓延速度 林火种类

2025

东北林业大学学报
东北林业大学

东北林业大学学报

北大核心
影响因子:0.74
ISSN:1000-5382
年,卷(期):2025.53(1)