摘要
以安徽滁州红琊山国有林场的24个不同种源的14年生栓皮栎(Quercus variabilis Blume)种源试验林为研究对象,测定24个种源栓皮栎的树高、胸径、单株材积、通直度,计算各生长性状的表型变异系数、遗传力、遗传增益、现实增益;以栓皮栎的树高、胸径、单株材积、通直度为评价指标,采用隶属函数法和布雷金多性状综合评定法对栓皮栎不同种源和个体进行综合评价,分析24个种源栓皮栎树高、胸径、单株材积、通直度等生长性状的差异,遴选适宜当地区域气候的优良种源和优良个体.结果表明:不同种源栓皮栎树高、胸径、单株材积均有显著差异.其中,ZY17种源的树高显著高于ZY18种源外的其他栓皮栎种源,树高的表型变异系数为21.11％、遗传力为86.50％;ZY24种源胸径最大,为(11.65±1.72)cm,显著高于胸径最小种源ZY16,胸径的表型变异系数为19.34％、遗传力为80.42％;ZY17种源的单株材积最高,为(0.062 1±0.024 3)m3,显著高于ZY16种源的单株材积(0.024 1±0.011 1)m3,单株材积的表型变异系数为47.98％、遗传力为83.00％;不同种源间通直度无显著差异,通直度遗传力为27.32％.平均隶属函数法和布雷金多性状综合评定法分析结果表明,ZY17、ZY24、ZY8、、ZY18为较优良的栓皮栎种源;ZY18-10、ZY17-6、ZY2-1、ZY8-20为较优良的栓皮栎个体.通过选择优良种源和优良个体,可显著提升栓皮栎人工林的早期生长表现.
Abstract
Taking the 14-year-old provenance test forest of Quercus variabilis Blume(comprising 24 different provenances)in Hongyashan State-owned Forest Farm,Chuzhou,Anhui Province as the research object,the tree height,diameter at breast height(DBH),individual tree volume,and stem straightness of Q.variabilis from 24 provenances were measured.The phenotypic coefficient of variation,heritability,genetic gain,and actual gain of each growth trait were calculated.With tree height,DBH,individual tree volume,and stem straightness as evaluation indicators,the membership function method and Breckin multi-trait comprehensive evaluation method were used to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of different provenances and individuals of Q.variabilis.The differences in growth traits(including tree height,DBH,individual tree volume,and stem straightness)among the 24 provenances were analyzed,and superior provenances and individuals suit-able for the local regional climate were selected.The results showed that there were significant differences in tree height,DBH,and individual tree volume among different provenances of Q.variabilis.Among them,the tree height of the ZY17 provenance was significantly higher than that of other provenances except ZY18,with a phenotypic coefficient of variation of 21.11％and a heritability of 86.50％.The ZY24 provenance had the largest DBH[(11.65±1.72)cm],which was sig-nificantly higher than that of the ZY16 provenance(the smallest DBH),with a phenotypic coefficient of variation of 19.34％and a heritability of 80.42％.The ZY17 provenance had the highest individual tree volume[(0.062 1±0.024 3)m3],which was significantly higher than that of the ZY16 provenance[(0.024 1±0.011 1)m3],with a phenotypic coeffi-cient of variation of 47.98％and a heritability of 83.00％.There was no significant difference in stem straightness among different provenances,and the heritability of stem straightness was 27.32％.The results of the average membership function method and Breckin multi-trait comprehensive evaluation method showed that ZY17,ZY24,ZY8,and ZY18 were rela-tively superior provenances of Q.variabilis.ZY18-10,ZY17-6,ZY2-1,and ZY8-20 were relatively superior individuals of Q.variabilis.The selection of superior provenances and individuals can significantly improve the early growth perform-ance of Q.variabilis plantations.
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