Abstract
The Asiatic hybrid lily cultivar Lilium dazzling (family Liliaceae) is a perennial herbaceous bulbous plant with bright yellow flowers of ornamental values. It also shows resistance to diseases and abiotic stress, making it an ideal parent for breeding studies. This study established a sterile culture system using scales of dazzling lily as explants to induce polyploidy. Adventitious buds growing to 1 cm were treated with different concentrations of colchicine (125, 250 and 500 μmol·L-1), pendimethalin or trifluralin (100, 200 and 300 μmol·L-1, respectively) for 12, 24 and 36 h. Flow cytometry and chromosome counting were used to identify ploidy, and the phenotype of the polyploids was examined by stomatal observation and leaf index determination. With increasing mutagen concentration and exposure time, the mortality and mutagenic rate increased. The optimal treatment group was: 300 μmol·L-1 trifluralin for 12 h, which resulted in 15.55％ mortality rate and 42.22％ induction rate. The polyploid plants showed a significant increase in stomata length, leaf length and leaf width, with a decrease in stomatal density compared with the control plants. This study provided a basis for polyploid breeding.
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