Russian Agricultural Reform and Sino-Russian Agricultural Cooperation
The Soviet Union's one-sided emphasis on developing heavy industry at the expense of agriculture led to an extreme shortage of agricultural products.After the collapse of the Soviet Union,Russia carried out a series of agricultural reforms to gradually leverage its advantageous agricultural resource endowment,successfully establishing itself as one of the world's leading agricultural countries.A robust agricultural foundation is one of the important reasons why Russia has been able to maintain economic and social stability amidst the escalating Russia-Ukraine conflict and the imposition of severe economic sanctions by Western countries.Russia's agricultural reform can be divided into three stages:a radical initial stage oriented towards privatization and marketization,a subsequent policy adjustment stage primarily focused on reducing burdens and supporting farmers,and a comprehensive reform stage aimed at ensuring safety and efficiency.By reviewing the history of Russia's agricultural reform,it can be judged that Russia's agricultural policy is likely to exhibit long-term stability,which can provide relatively stable and clear policy expectations for agricultural cooperation between China and Russia.At the same time,given the alignment of Russian agricultural policy with the broader trajectory of agricultural development in China,and considering the ongoing enhancement of Sino-Russian relations,there are favorable conditions for the two countries to carry out agricultural cooperation.In the future,China and Russia should strengthen the top-level design of agricultural cooperation,establish a multi-level agricultural cooperation system,improve their legal policies in agricultural investment,and continuously optimize the mode of agricultural cooperation.